C++学习（三九四）relocation R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 undefined reference to `__dso_handle‘

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hankern

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-30 10:29:00 发布

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分类专栏： C++学习文章标签： c++ android 1024程序员节

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/hankern/article/details/120756112

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在Android环境下编译C++代码时遇到`undefined reference to `__dso_handle'`错误，原因是缺少`-fPIC`编译选项。解决方案包括在源码中添加`extern "C"{ void * __dso_handle = 0 ;}`或者在编译选项中增加`-fno-use-cxa-atexit`。另外，修改libtool的配置，避免使用`nostdlib`选项，确保生成动态链接库。成功编译的关键在于正确设置编译选项和链接参数。

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错误原因：geotiff.cpp使用了static std::mutex oDeleteMutex;将其注释掉即正常。将getotiff.cpp改为如下进行编译和链接，仍会报错。

#include <mutex>

std::mutex oDeleteMutex;

如果换成如下则可成功

/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.la e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/frmts/gtiff/gt_wkt_srs.lo

经对比，是rpath的原因，删除掉就可以了，修改这个值不可以；将其改为相对路径也不可以（报错error: only absolute run-paths are allowed）。去掉rpath后将不会生成动态链接库了。

是libtool链接时出问题了，如果用clang++命令直接生成动态链接库，则没有问题。libtool中使用了nostdlib选项。

D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ gt_wkt_srs.o -shared -fPIC -o libgdal.so

在使用动态库时也不会出现C++学习（四零四）中的问题。

libtool文件中有如下两句话：

archive_cmds="\$CC \$pic_flag -shared -nostdlib \$predep_objects \$libobjs \$deplibs \$postdep_objects \$compiler_flags \$wl-soname \$wl\$soname -o \$lib"
archive_expsym_cmds="\$CC \$pic_flag -shared -nostdlib \$predep_objects \$libobjs \$deplibs \$postdep_objects \$compiler_flags \$wl-soname \$wl\$soname \$wl-retain-symbols-file \$wl\$export_symbols -o \$lib"

其它解决办法：

1、在gt_wkt_srs.cpp前添加extern "C"{ void * __dso_handle = 0 ;}，重新编译链接，正常设置rpath即可生成动态库和静态库。缺点是需要修改每一个相关的cpp文件。

__dso_handle是glibc的一个函数，有诸如增加extern C{ void * __dso_handle = 0 ;}这样的解决办法。

2、在编译选项中增加-fno-use-cxa-atexit，这会造成应用在链接时有问题C++学习（四零四）hidden symbol `atexit‘ in XXX is referenced by DSOhttps://mp.csdn.net/mp_blog/creation/editor/121068290。

有可能是cpp的原因（并不是）

E:\osg-osgearth-source\other_3rdParty\gdal-2.3.2\frmts\gtiff/geotiff.cpp:106: undefined reference to `__dso_handle'

geotiff.cpp没有__dso_handle

D:\android-ndk-r19c\toolchains\llvm\prebuilt\windows-x86_64\bin/../lib/gcc/aarch64-linux-android/4.9.x/../../../../aarch64-linux-android/bin\ld: e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/frmts/o/.libs/geotiff.o: relocation R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 against external symbol `__dso_handle' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC

__dso_handle句柄是一个“guard”，用于在全局销毁期间识别动态共享对象。

如果您试图通过弄乱__dso_handle句柄来挫败对象识别，那么很可能是出了什么问题。

问题原因：

动态链接器在共享库中找不到此符号（__dso_handle）

解决办法：

extern "C"{ void * __dso_handle = 0 ;}

在gdal-2.3.2\frmts\gtiff\libtiff\dump_symbols.sh中找到这么一句话

data_symbol_list=$(objdump -t libtiff.so | grep "\.data" | grep -v __dso_handle | grep -v __TMC_END__ | awk '{print $6}' | grep -v "\.")
for symbol in $data_symbol_list
do
echo "#define $symbol gdal_$symbol" >> $OUT_FILE
done

执行

D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android-objdump.exe -t geotiff.o | grep "\.data" | grep -v __dso_handle | grep -v __TMC_END__ | awk '{print $6}' | grep -v "\.">aa.txt

结果为

_ZL10asTIFFTags
_ZTI12GTiffDataset
_ZTI13GTiffRGBABand
_ZTI14GTiffSplitBand
_ZTI15GTiffBitmapBand
_ZTI15GTiffRasterBand
_ZTI16GTiffOddBitsBand
_ZTI19GTiffJPEGOverviewDS
_ZTI20GTiffSplitBitmapBand
_ZTI21GTiffJPEGOverviewBand
_ZTV12GTiffDataset
_ZTV13GTiffRGBABand
_ZTV14GTiffSplitBand
_ZTV15GTiffBitmapBand
_ZTV15GTiffRasterBand
_ZTV16GTiffOddBitsBand
_ZTV19GTiffJPEGOverviewDS
_ZTV20GTiffSplitBitmapBand
_ZTV21GTiffJPEGOverviewBand

geotiff.o的反汇编D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android-objdump.exe -d geotiff.o >aa.txt

Disassembly of section .text.startup:

0000000000000000 <_GLOBAL__sub_I_geotiff.cpp>:
   0:	a9be4ff4 	stp	x20, x19, [sp,#-32]!
   4:	a9017bfd 	stp	x29, x30, [sp,#16]
   8:	910043fd 	add	x29, sp, #0x10
   c:	90000013 	adrp	x19, 0 <_ZNSt6__ndk15mutexD1Ev>
  10:	f9400273 	ldr	x19, [x19]
  14:	90000014 	adrp	x20, 0 <__dso_handle>
  18:	90000001 	adrp	x1, 0 <_GLOBAL__sub_I_geotiff.cpp>
  1c:	91000294 	add	x20, x20, #0x0
  20:	91000021 	add	x1, x1, #0x0
  24:	aa1303e0 	mov	x0, x19
  28:	aa1403e2 	mov	x2, x20
  2c:	94000000 	bl	0 <__cxa_atexit>
  30:	a9417bfd 	ldp	x29, x30, [sp,#16]
  34:	90000001 	adrp	x1, 0 <_GLOBAL__sub_I_geotiff.cpp>
  38:	91000021 	add	x1, x1, #0x0
  3c:	aa1303e0 	mov	x0, x19
  40:	aa1403e2 	mov	x2, x20
  44:	a8c24ff4 	ldp	x20, x19, [sp],#32
  48:	14000000 	b	0 <__cxa_atexit>

查看段信息D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android-objdump.exe -h geotiff.o >aa.txt

Idx Name          Size      VMA               LMA               File off  Algn
97 .text.startup 0000004c  0000000000000000  0000000000000000  00025a90  2**2
                  CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, RELOC, READONLY, CODE

查看段信息D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android-readelf.exe -S geotiff.o >aa.txt

[Nr] Name              Type             Address           Offset
       Size              EntSize          Flags  Link  Info  Align  
[136] .text.startup     PROGBITS         0000000000000000  00025a90
       000000000000004c  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     4

查看符号，D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android-objdump.exe -t geotiff.o >aa.txt

0000000000000000         *UND*	0000000000000000 .hidden __dso_handle

以下方法不可以：

修改gdal根目录下的GDALmake.opt，在CXXFLAGS中增加-fPIC，在CFLAGS中增加-fPIC

成功
/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.la ./ogr/gml2ogrgeometry.lo -rpath /cygdrive/E/Projects/QT5.12/osg_earth_android_build/3rdpartyAndroid/gdal/obj/local/armeabi-v8a/lib -no-undefined -version-info 24:2:4

gml2ogrgeometry.lo是如下方法生成的

失败
/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.la e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/frmts/o/geotiff.lo -rpath /cygdrive/E/Projects/QT5.12/osg_earth_android_build/3rdpartyAndroid/gdal/obj/local/armeabi-v8a/lib -no-undefined -version-info 24:2:4

如果改为生成静态库则能成功

/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.a e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/frmts/o/geotiff.lo -rpath /cygdrive/E/Projects/QT5.12/osg_earth_android_build/3rdpartyAndroid/gdal/obj/local/armeabi-v8a/lib -no-undefined -version-info 24:2:4

失败
/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.la ./ogr/gml2ogrgeometry.lo e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/frmts/o/geotiff.lo -rpath /cygdrive/E/Projects/QT5.12/osg_earth_android_build/3rdpartyAndroid/gdal/obj/local/armeabi-v8a/lib -no-undefined -version-info 24:2:4 -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -shared -Wl -llog -lz -lm -ldl

成功

/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.la e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/frmts/o/gt_citation.lo -rpath /cygdrive/E/Projects/QT5.12/osg_earth_android_build/3rdpartyAndroid/gdal/obj/local/armeabi-v8a/lib -no-undefined -version-info 24:2:4

geotiff.cpp和gt_citation.cpp同样的配方不一样的味道（gt_citation.lo能link成功）

/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=compile --silent --tag=CXX D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/port -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/gcore -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/alg -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/ogr -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/ogr/ogrsf_frmts -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/gnm -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/apps -g -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Winit-self -Wunused-parameter -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wno-format-nonliteral -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wshadow -Werror=vla -Wdate-time -Wnull-dereference -Wextra-semi -Wcomma -Wfloat-conversion -Wdocumentation -Wno-documentation-deprecated-sync -Wunused-private-field -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Woverloaded-virtual -fno-operator-names -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant -Wimplicit-fallthrough -I.. -I../jpeg -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I../jpeg/libjpeg -DINTERNAL_LIBGEOTIFF -Ilibgeotiff -DINTERNAL_LIBTIFF -Ilibtiff -DBIGTIFF_SUPPORT -DGNM_ENABLED -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/port -DGDAL_COMPILATION -c -o geotiff.lo geotiff.cpp
/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=compile --silent --tag=CXX D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/port -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/gcore -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/alg -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/ogr -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/ogr/ogrsf_frmts -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/gnm -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/apps -g -O2 -Wall -Wextra -Winit-self -Wunused-parameter -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wno-format-nonliteral -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wshadow -Werror=vla -Wdate-time -Wnull-dereference -Wextra-semi -Wcomma -Wfloat-conversion -Wdocumentation -Wno-documentation-deprecated-sync -Wunused-private-field -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Woverloaded-virtual -fno-operator-names -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant -Wimplicit-fallthrough -I.. -I../jpeg -DHAVE_LIBJPEG -I../jpeg/libjpeg -DINTERNAL_LIBGEOTIFF -Ilibgeotiff -DINTERNAL_LIBTIFF -Ilibtiff -DBIGTIFF_SUPPORT -DGNM_ENABLED -Ie:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/port -DGDAL_COMPILATION -c -o gt_citation.lo gt_citation.cpp

错误是在执行以下link语句时遇到的

/bin/sh e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/libtool --mode=link --silent D:/android-ndk-r19c/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/windows-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android28-clang++ -lm -ldl -o libgdal.la ./ogr/gml2ogrgeometry.lo ./ogr/ogr2gmlgeometry.lo ./ogr/ogr_api.lo ./ogr/ogr_expat.lo ./ogr/ogr_fromepsg.lo ./ogr/ogr_geo_utils.lo ./ogr/ogr_geocoding.lo ./ogr/ogr_opt.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_dict.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_erm.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_esri.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_ozi.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_panorama.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_pci.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_proj4.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_usgs.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_validate.lo ./ogr/ogr_srs_xml.lo ./ogr/ogr_srsnode.lo ./ogr/ogr_xerces.lo ./ogr/ograpispy.lo ./ogr/ograssemblepolygon.lo ./ogr/ogrcircularstring.lo ./ogr/ogrcompoundcurve.lo ./ogr/ogrct.lo ./ogr/ogrcurve.lo ./ogr/ogrcurvecollection.lo ./ogr/ogrcurvepolygon.lo ./ogr/ogrfeature.lo ./ogr/ogrfeaturedefn.lo ./ogr/ogrfeaturequery.lo ./ogr/ogrfeaturestyle.lo ./ogr/ogrfielddefn.lo ./ogr/ogrgeomediageometry.lo ./ogr/ogrgeometry.lo ./ogr/ogrgeometrycollection.lo ./ogr/ogrgeometryfactory.lo ./ogr/ogrgeomfielddefn.lo ./ogr/ogrlinearring.lo ./ogr/ogrlinestring.lo ./ogr/ogrmulticurve.lo ./ogr/ogrmultilinestring.lo ./ogr/ogrmultipoint.lo ./ogr/ogrmultipolygon.lo ./ogr/ogrmultisurface.lo ./ogr/ogrpgeogeometry.lo ./ogr/ogrpoint.lo ./ogr/ogrpolygon.lo ./ogr/ogrpolyhedralsurface.lo ./ogr/ogrspatialreference.lo ./ogr/ogrsurface.lo ./ogr/ogrtriangle.lo ./ogr/ogrtriangulatedsurface.lo ./ogr/ogrutils.lo ./ogr/osr_cs_wkt.lo ./ogr/osr_cs_wkt_parser.lo ./ogr/swq.lo ./ogr/swq_expr_node.lo ./ogr/swq_op_general.lo ./ogr/swq_op_registrar.lo ./ogr/swq_parser.lo ./ogr/swq_select.lo e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/alg/contour.lo e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3rdParty/gdal-2.3.2/alg/delaunay.lo e:/osg-osgearth-source/other_3r

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