osgEarth的Rex引擎原理分析(八十七)wmts与xyz、quadtree、tms的关系

本文详细分析了osgEarth的Rex引擎如何处理WMTS、XYZ和TMS三种地图服务标准。尽管Rex引擎目前不支持WMS,但能够转换请求以获取WMS和WMTS服务的瓦片数据。WMTS使用瓦片矩阵集来表示地图,而XYZ和TMS则是不同的瓦片编号规则。了解这些标准之间的关系对于正确配置和使用Rex引擎至关重要。
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目标:(七十九)中的问题157

wmts是ogc地图服务的标准,瓦片编号规则类似于xyz,原点在左上角

xyz是google的地图编号标准(也可以是服务标准)

quadtree是微软的地图服务标准

tms是开源标准

目前osgEarth的rex引擎仅支持xyz、tms和ogc的wms地图服务标准,还不支持wm。

 

rex引擎的瓦片是按照xyz组织的,如果需要从wms/wmts的图源获取相应的高程、影像,需要做以转换,具体就是请求连接的形式有所不同。

wms的请求连接如下:

http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/cgi-bin/wms/nexrad/n0r-t.cgi?SERVICE=WMS&
VERSION=1.1.1&REQUEST=GetMap&LAYERS=nexrad-n0r-wmst&FORMAT=image/png&STYLES=&
SRS=EPSG:4326&WIDTH=256&HEIGHT=256&BBOX=-180.000000,-90.000000,0.000000,90.000000
&TRANSPARENT=TRUE

wmts的请求连接如下:

http://t0.tianditu.gov.cn/img_w/wmts?SERVICE=WMTS&REQUEST=GetTile&VERSION=1.0.0
&LAYER=img&STYLE=default&TILEMATRIXSET=w&FORMAT=tiles&TILEMATRIX={z}&TILEROW={x}
&TILECOL={y}&tk=您的密钥

osgEarth配置wms的方法如下:

<image name="nexrad45min" driver="wms">
        <url>http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/cgi-bin/wms/nexrad/n0r-t.cgi</url>
        <format>png</format>
        <layers>nexrad-n0r-wmst</layers>
        <tile_size>256</tile_size>
        <srs>EPSG:4326</srs>
		    <profile>global-geodetic</profile>
        <transparent>true</transparent>
        <times>
            2005-08-29T13:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T14:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T15:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T16:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T17:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T18:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T19:00:00Z,
            2005-08-29T20:00:00Z
        </times>
        <seconds_per_frame>0.25</seconds_per_frame>
        <cache_policy usage="no_cache"/>
    </image>

 

WMTS 使用瓦片矩阵集(Tile matrix set)

WMTS 使用瓦片矩阵集(Tile matrix  set)来表示切割后的地图,如图1所示。瓦片就是包含地理数据的矩形影像,一幅地图按一定的瓦片大小被切割成多个瓦片,形成瓦片矩阵,一个或多个瓦片矩阵即组成瓦片矩阵集。不同的瓦片矩阵具有不同的分辨率,每个瓦片矩阵由瓦片矩阵标识符(一般为瓦片矩阵的序号,分辨率最低的一层为第0层,依次向上排)进行标识。

瓦片矩阵集瓦片图解析-瓦片矩阵

每个瓦片矩阵具有:

  1. 自己的瓦片尺寸作为比例尺;

  2. 通过像素数来定义的每个瓦片的宽(TileWidth)和高(TileHeight),即瓦片的大小。SuperMap iServer      目前提供的瓦片大小是256*256个像素;

  3. 边界框的左上角坐标(TileMatrixminX,TileMatrixmaxY);

  4. 以瓦片为单位来定义的矩阵的宽(MatrixWidth)和高(MatrixHeight),如瓦片数。

瓦片矩阵中的每个瓦片由瓦片的行(TileRow)列(TileCol)值进行标识,行列值分别从瓦片矩阵左上角点所在的瓦片开始算起,起始行列值是(0,0),依次向下向右增加

 

OGC全称——开放地理空间信息联盟(Open Geospatial Consortium), 它的主要目的就是制定与空间信息、基于位置服务相关的标准。而这些所谓的标准其实就是一些接口或编码的技术文档,不同的厂商、各种GIS产品都可以对照这些文档来定义开放服务的接口、空间数据存储的编码、空间操作的方法。那么OGC都规定了哪些标准呢?

OGC目前提供的标准多达几十种,包括我们常用到的WMS、WFS、WCS、WMTS等等,还有一些地理数据信息的描述文档,比如KML、SFS(简单对象描述)、GML、SLD(地理数据符号化)等。官方标准下载链接https://www.ogc.org/docs/is

WMS服务

WMS服务全称是Web Map Service (web地图服务),目前OGC提供的WMS最新版本为1.3.0,并提供了如下的操作接口:

    GetCapabilities:获取服务中的要素及支持的操作
    请求格式支持KVP和SOAP,其主要参数如下:
   

    GetMap:获取地图数据
    请求格式支持KVP和SOAP,其主要参数如下&

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osgEarth 的 121 个案例详解 osgEarth 的 121 个案例详解 ...........................................................................................................1 1. aeqd.earth.................................................................................................................................4 2. annotation.earth .......................................................................................................................5 3. annotation_dateline.earth........................................................................................................6 4. annotation_dateline_projected.earth ......................................................................................8 5. annotation_flat.earth................................................................................................................8 6. arcgisonline.earth .....................................................................................................................9 7. bing.earth................................................................................................................................10 8. boston.earth............................................................................................................................11 9. boston_buildings.earth ...........................................................................................................12 10. boston_projected.earth ..................................................................................................13 11. boston_tfs.earth..............................................................................................................14 12. boston-gpu.earth ............................................................................................................15 13. bumpmap.earth ..............................................................................................................16 14. clouds.earth ....................................................................................................................17 15. colorramp.earth ..............................................................................................................18 16. contourmap.earth ...........................................................................................................19 17. datum_override.earth.....................................................................................................20 18. day_night_mp.earth........................................................................................................21 19. day_night_rex.earth........................................................................................................21 20. detail_texture.earth ........................................................................................................21 21. errors.earth .....................................................................................................................22 22. fade_elevation.earth.......................................................................................................22 23. feature_clip_plane.earth.................................................................................................23 24. feature_country_boundaries.earth.................................................................................24 25. feature_custom_filters.earth ..........................................................................................25 26. feature_draped_lines.earth ............................................................................................26 27. feature_draped_polygons.earth .....................................................................................27 28. feature_elevation.earth ..................................................................................................28 29. feature_extrude.earth.....................................................................................................29 30. feature_geom.earth ........................................................................................................30 31. feature_gpx.earth............................................................................................................31 32. feature_inline_geometry.earth.......................................................................................32 33. feature_labels.earth........................................................................................................33 34. feature_labels_script.earth.............................................................................................35 35. feature_levels_and_selectors.earth................................................................................35 36. feature_model_scatter.earth ..........................................................................................36 37. feature_models.earth .....................................................................................................37 38. feature_occlusion_culling.earth......................................................................................38osgEarth 编辑器 SXEarth www.sxsim.com 2 39. feature_offset_polygons.earth .......................................................................................38 40. feature_overlay.earth......................................................................................................39 41. feature_poles.earth.........................................................................................................40 42. feature_population_cylinders.earth ...............................................................................40 43. feature_raster.earth ........................................................................................................41 44. feature_rasterize.earth ...................................................................................................41 45. feature_rasterize_2.earth ...............................................................................................42 46. feature_scripted_styling.earth........................................................................................43 47. feature_scripted_styling_2.earth....................................................................................43 48. feature_scripted_styling_3.earth....................................................................................43 49. feature_style_selector.earth ...........................................................................................44 50. feature_tfs.earth .............................................................................................................45 51. feature_tfs_scripting.earth .............................................................................................46 52. feature_wfs.earth............................................................................................................47 53. fractal_elevation.earth....................................................................................................47 54. gdal_multiple_files.earth ................................................................................................47 55. gdal_tiff.earth..................................................................................................................48 56. geomshader.earth ...........................................................................................................49 57. glsl.earth..........................................................................................................................50 58. glsl_filter.earth ................................................................................................................51 59. graticules.earth ...............................................................................................................52 60. hires-inset.earth..............................................................................................................53 61. intersect_filter.earth .......................................................................................................54 62. land_cover_mixed.earth .................................................................................................55 63. layer_opacity.earth .........................................................................................................55 64. ldb.earth..........................................................................................................................56 65. mapbox.earth..................................................................................................................56 66. mask.earth ......................................................................................................................57 67. mb_tiles.earth.................................................................................................................58 68. mercator_to_plate_carre.earth ......................................................................................59 69. mgrs_graticule.earth.......................................................................................................60 70. min_max_level.earth ......................................................................................................60 71. min_max_range.earth.....................................................................................................61 72. min_max_range_rex.earth..............................................................................................62 73. min_max_resolutions.earth............................................................................................62 74. multiple_heightfields.earth.............................................................................................64 75. night.earth.......................................................................................................................65 76. nodata.earth ...................................................................................................................65 77. noise.earth ......................................................................................................................68 78. normalmap.earth ............................................................................................................68 79. ocean.earth .....................................................................................................................69 80. ocean_no_elevation.earth ..............................................................................................69 81. openstreetmap.earth......................................................................................................69 82. openstreetmap_buildings.earth .....................................................................................70osgEarth 编辑器 SXEarth www.sxsim.com 3 83. openstreetmap_flat.earth...............................................................................................70 84. openstreetmap_full.earth...............................................................................................70 85. openweathermap_clouds.earth......................................................................................71 86. openweathermap_precipitation.earth ...........................................................................71 87. openweathermap_pressure.earth ..................................................................................71 88. photosphere1.earth ........................................................................................................71 89. photosphere2.earth ........................................................................................................72 90. readymap.earth...............................................................................................................73 91. readymap_flat.earth .......................................................................................................73 92. readymap_include.earth.................................................................................................74 93. readymap_template.earth..............................................................................................74 94. readymap-elevation-only.earth.......................................................................................74 95. readymap-osm.earth ......................................................................................................75 96. readymap-priority.earth..................................................................................................75 97. readymap-rex.earth ........................................................................................................75 98. roads.earth......................................................................................................................76 99. roads-flattened.earth......................................................................................................76 100. roads-test.earth...............................................................................................................76 101. scene_clamping.earth.....................................................................................................76 102. silverlining.earth..............................................................................................................78 103. simple_model.earth........................................................................................................78 104. skyview1.earth ................................................................................................................79 105. skyview2.earth ................................................................................................................80 106. splat.earth .......................................................................................................................81 107. splat-blended-with-imagery.earth ..................................................................................81 108. splat-with-mask-layer.earth.............................................................................................81 109. splat-with-multiple-zones.earth......................................................................................82 110. splat-with-rasterized-land-cover.earth............................................................................82 111. stamen_toner.earth ........................................................................................................82 112. stamen_watercolor.earth................................................................................................82 113. state_plane.earth............................................................................................................82 114. tess_screen_space.earth.................................................................................................82 115. tess-coastlines.earth .......................................................................................................82 116. tess-terrain.earth ............................................................................................................83 117. triton.earth......................................................................................................................83 118. triton_drop_shader.earth................................................................................................83 119. utm.earth ........................................................................................................................83 120. utm_graticule.earth ........................................................................................................83 121. vertical_datum.earth ......................................................................................................83 122. wms_nexrad.earth ..........................................................................................................84 123. wms-t_nexrad_animated.earth ......................................................................................84 124. 编辑问题总结....................................................................................错误!未定义书签。
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