JAVA核心技术 第五章 继承 类、超类、子类 关键字this super 多态 动态绑定

关键字this有两个用途:

1.引用引式参数

2.调用该类其他的构造器

关键字super也有两个用途:

1.调用超类的方法

2.调用超类的构造器

这两个关键字的使用方式很相似.

调用构造器的语句只能最为另一个构造器的第一条语句出现.

构造参数既可以传递给本类(this)的其他构造器,也可以传递给超类(super)的构造器

多态(polymorphism)、动态绑定(dynamic binding)

一个对象变量可以引用多种实际类型的现象被称为多态(polymorphism).

在运行时能够自动地选择调用哪个方法的现象称为动态绑定(dynamic binding).

import java.util.*;
class Employee{
	private String name;
	private double salary;
	private Date hireDay;
	public Employee(String n,double s,int year,int month,int day){
		name=n;
		salary=s;
		GregorianCalendar calendar=new GregorianCalendar(year,month-1,day);
		hireDay=calendar.getTime();
	}
	public String getName(){
		return name;
	}
	public double getSalary(){
		return salary;
	}
	public Date getHireDay(){
		return hireDay;
	}
	public void raiseSalary(double byPercent){
		double raise=salary*byPercent/100;
		salary+=raise;
	}
}
class Manager extends Employee{
	/**
	*@param n the employee's name
	*@param s the salary
	*@param year the hire year
	*@param month the hire month
	*@param day the hire day
	*/
	private double bonus;
	public double getSalary(){
		double baseSalary=super.getSalary();
		return baseSalary+bonus;
	}
	public void setBonus(double b){
		bonus=b;
	}
	public Manager(String n,double s,int year,int month,int day){
		super(n,s,year,month,day);
		bonus=0;
	}


}
public class ManagerTest{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Manager boss=new Manager("Carl Cracker",80000,1987,12,15);
		boss.setBonus(5000);
		Employee[] staff=new Employee[3];
		staff[0]=boss;
		staff[1]=new Employee("Harry Hacker",50000,1989,10,1);
		staff[2]=new Employee("Tommy Tester",40000,1990,3,15);
	
	for(Employee e:staff)
		System.out.println("name="+e.getName()+",salary="+e.getSalary());
}
}