Str

>>> a = "i am happy"
>>> a.capitalize()    #第一个字母转大写
'I am happy'
>>> a = "I lIKE FUCKing"
>>> a.casefold()    #全部转小写（unicode）
'i like fucking'
>>> a.lower()        #upper与此类似
'i like fucking'
>>> a
'I lIKE FUCKing'
>>> a.center(20)    #居中
'   I lIKE FUCKing   '
>>> a.center(20, '#')    #空白字符以#填充
'###I lIKE FUCKing###'
>>> a = a.casefold()
>>> a
'i like fucking'
>>> a.count('i')
3
>>> a.count('i', 2)     #计数，从位置2开始
2
>>> a.endswith('ing')   #以xx结尾 startswith与此类似
True
>>> a = "aaa\tbbb\tccc"
>>> a
'aaa\tbbb\tccc'
>>> a.expandtabs(5)      #设置tab长度
'aaa  bbb  ccc'
>>> a = "i love fish ic"
>>> a.find('i')        #寻找子串 rfind与此类似
0
>>> a.find('i', 1)
8
>>> a.find('w')
-1
>>> "{},{}".format("Hello", "world")    #格式化字符
'Hello,world'
>>> "{0},{1},{0}".format("Hello", "world")
'Hello,world,Hello'
>>> b = {'name':'gh', 'age':20}
>>> "My name is {name}, my age is {age}".format_map(b)  #格式化字符（字典）
'My name is gh, my age is 20'
>>> '123'.isalnum()     #仅包含字母和数字（空字符串返回假）
True
>>> '123b'.isalnum()
True
>>> '12.34'.isalnum()
False
>>> '12ab'.isalpha()   #全是字母
False
>>> 'abc'.isalpha()
True
>>> '123'.isdigit()    #全是数字
True
>>> '123.45'.isdigit()
False
>>> '123a'.isdigit()
False
>>> '-34'.isdigit()
False
>>> '四'.isdigit()
False
>>> '四'.isnumeric()  #支持汉字
True

>>> 'abcDe%'.islower()  #全是小写
False
>>> 'abcde%'.islower()
True
>>> '     '.isspace()   #全是空白字符
True
>>> ''.isspace()
False
>>> '\t \t'.isspace()
True
>>> '\t \n \t'.isspace()
True
>>> 'ABC'.isupper()
True

>>> 'xyz'.join(['aa', 'bb', 'cc'])   #连接字符串
'aaxyzbbxyzcc'
>>> a = 'iamgh'
>>> a.ljust(10, '#')    #左对齐
'iamgh#####'
>>> a.rjust(10)
'     iamgh'
>>> '  are   '
'  are   '
>>> a = '   are   '
>>> a.lstrip()
'are   '
>>> a.rstrip()
'   are'
>>> a.strip()          #去首尾空格
'are'
>>> a = '####are####'
>>> a.strip('#')
'are'
>>> a = 'iamfishc'
>>> a.partition('fi')     #分割字符串
('iam', 'fi', 'shc')
>>> a.partition('ww')
('iamfishc', '', '')
>>> a.replace("i", "#")     #替换，可指定次数
'#amf#shc'
>>> a.replace("i", "#", 1)
'#amfishc'
>>> a = "avc ert cew"
>>> a.split()           #用空白字符分割
['avc', 'ert', 'cew']
>>> a.split(' ', 1)     #指定分割次数
['avc', 'ert cew']
>>> a = "gh  v587"
>>> a.split()
['gh', 'v587']
>>> a = "I am gh\nI am handsome \r\nI am kind"
>>> a.splitlines()      #按行分割
['I am gh', 'I am handsome ', 'I am kind']
>>> a.splitlines(True)   #保留换行符
['I am gh\n', 'I am handsome \r\n', 'I am kind']
>>> 'abCDefG'.swapcase()
'ABcdEFg'
>>> 'you are good'.title()     #每个单词首字母大写
'You Are Good'
>>> '123'.zfill(5)         #补0
'00123'
>>> '12343'.zfill(3)
'12343'