列表
magicians = ['alice', 'david', 'carolina']
#遍历:遍历列表的所有元素,对每个元素执行相同的操作
for magician in magicians:
print(magician)
#创建数值列表:range()
for value in range(1,5):
print(value)
#将range()的结果直接转换为列表:list()
numbers = list(range(1,6))
print(numbers)
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
#简单的统计计算
digits = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0]
min(digits)
0
max(digits)
9
sum(digits)
45
#列表解析:将for循环和创建新元素的代码合并成一行,并自动附加新元素
squares = [value**2 for value in range(1,11)]
print(squares)
#使用列表的一部分:切片
players = ['charles', 'martina', 'michael', 'florence', 'eli']
print(players[0:3])
['charles', 'martina', 'michael']
#复制列表:完全切片
my_foods = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
friend_foods = my_foods[:]
元组
Python将不能修改的值称为不可变的,而不可变的列表被称为元组
dimensions = (200, 50)
#提取元素
print(dimensions[0])
200
#遍历
for dimension in dimensions:
print(dimension)
200
50
#修改变量
不能修改元组的元素,但可以给存储元组的变量赋值
dimensions = (400, 100)
=赋值号
==等号
检查是否相等时考虑大小写
car = 'Audi'
print(car == 'audi')
False
确定列表不是空的
requested_toppings = []
if requested_toppings:
for requested_topping in requested_toppings:
print("Adding " + requested_topping + ".")
print("\nFinished making your pizza!")
else:
print("Are you sure you want a plain pizza?")
如列表为空(即[]),作为if语句的条件则会报错