1.雅思零基础语法入门

1.语序和五种基本句式

He learns English every day.

1.主谓

主 动作
The universe   remains.

2.主系表

主 系动词（联系作用） 表（描述主语）
The food   is    delicious.

3.主谓宾

主 动作 宾（动作执行对象）
He took  his bag and left.

4.主谓 间宾 直宾

主 动作 人 物
Her father bought   her    a dictionary.

5.主谓宾 宾补

主谓宾 补充说明宾语
We made   him  our monitor.

五种基本句式，英语、汉语语序一致

二.be动词的形式和用法

1.be

is,am,are   一般现在时
was,were    一般过去时
being,      现代分词
been        过去分词

The man is back.
They are back.
He was back.
They were back.
They have been back.他们已经回来，完成时态

2.用法

联系名词、形容词、副词，作补足语，补充说明主语
The man is a teacher.
Mary's new dresses are colorful.
My mother was in the kitchen.

3.练习

They are teachers.
He was a teacher before.
He has been a teacher for 3 years.

三.Be动词的否定、提问、回答

否定

am,is,are,was,were 加not
am not,isn't,aren't,wasn't,weren't
The man isn't back.
I am not back.
They aren't back.
He wasn't back.
They weren't back.

提问

Is he a teacher?
Yes,he is./No,he isn't.
Are you a teacher?
Yes,I am./No,I am not.
Were they teachers?
Yes,they were./No,they weren't.

练习

Is he a doctor?
No,He isn't.
Were they in the classroom yesterday?
Yes,they were.
They weren't in the classroom yesterday.

四、代词的主格、宾格

代词：代替人、物

主格：作主语，I,he,she,it,you,we,they

I am a teacher.
He is a teacher.
You are teachers.

宾格：作宾语，me,him,her,it,you,us,them

宾语：动作执行对象。
He likes me.
We like her.
I like them.

练习

I like it.
They know him.

五、物主代词

物的主人，代替人、物

形容词性物主代词，修饰名词

单数：my,your,his/her/its,one's
复数：our,your,their
This is my book.
We love our motherland.
Those are your socks.

名词性物主代词，独立做名词

单数：mine,your,his/hers/its,one's
复数：ours,yours,theirs
The book is ours.
The apple is hers.

练习

My teacher is Chinese.
This computer is theirs.
Our book is on the shelf.

|主格 | 宾格 | 形容词 | 名词 |
| I | me | my | mine |
| He | him | his | his |
| She | her | her | her |
| It | it | its | its |
| You | you | your | yours |
| We | us | our | ours |
| They | them | their | theirs |

六、反身代词 自己

反身代词

单数
myself,yourself,herself,himself,itselt
复数
yourselves,ourselves,themselves

反身代词用法

Please help yourself to some fish.（建议对方，放在动词后，做宾语)
We enjoyed ourselves last night.
The thing itself is not important.(名词后，做同位语：解释说明主语)

练习

Take good care of yourself.(照顾好自己)
She gained control of herself.(控制住自己)

七、实意动词的特征

实意动词：

具有实在意义的动词。有时态、数量变化
come,read,go,watch,play,fly

用法

He comes from Shenyang. 做谓语，单三
She is reading story books.现在进行时
They went to America yesterday.一般过去时
We have watched the game from three times.现在完成，已经完成
My mother will fly back to China next month.将来时

练习

He came to Shanghai yesterday.
We are writing homework.
They have read this book for three times.

八、实意动词的否定、提问、回答

一般现在时、过去式

do,does   not
    don't doesn't
did   not
    didn't

否定用法

I don't go to school by bus.非三单
She doesn't watch TV everyday.三单
They didn't swim last night.

提问用法

He often plays golf.三单后，动词发生变化
Does he often play golf?Yes,he does./No,he doesn't.
They go to school by bus
Do they go to school by bus?Yes,then do./No,he don't.
Sam had breakfast yesterday.
Did Sam have breakfast yesterday.Yes,he did./No,he didn't.

练习

Does he learn English everyday?Yes,He does.
Tom didn't have breakfast yesterday.

九、疑问词提问、回答

when,where,who,what,how

疑问词提问

He bought three books yesterday.
Who bought three books yesterday?
What did he buy yesterday?对宾语提问，使用助动词、动词原形
When did he buy three books?

练习

They wanted to go to Shanghai by air.
Who wanted to go to Shanghai by air?
Where did they want to go by air?
How did they want to go to Shanghai?

使用疑问词提问、回答

how long,how far,how often,why

疑问词提问

They have been in China for three years.
How long have they been in China?

来源张永光的博客