iOS 人机交互指南之UI设计基础:Designing for iOS 7

原文地址:http://www.cocoachina.com/newbie/basic/2013/0614/6412.html



本文翻译自苹果最新《iOS人机交互指南》
 
iOS7表现了以下几个主题:
Deference:UI是用来帮助用户理解app,与内容之间进行交互,但UI和内容之间并不冲突。
Clarity:各种尺寸的文字均非常易读,icon精确清楚,装饰物巧妙合适,以功能驱动设计。
Depth:视觉富有层次,通过视觉的层次感和动画来展现生命力,让用户感到愉悦。
 
不管你是重新设计现在的应用,还是开发一个新应用,请先考虑一下像Apple那样重新设计内置应用的方式。
 
 iOS 7的天气应用                                                           iOS 6的天气应用
 
 
首先,精简UI以突出app的核心功能,然后重申UI和功能之间的相关性。然后,使用iOS7的主题来定义UI和进行用户体验设计。
 
自始至终都要时刻为挑战惯例,质疑假定做准备,重点以内容和功能驱动每个设计。
 
尊重内容
尽管清新美观的UI和流畅的动画都是iOS 7体验的亮点,但用户内容始终是核心。下面几个办法可以确保你的设计可以改善功能,尊重用户的内容。
 
利用整块屏幕
重新考虑使用 insets  和可视的框架。同时,我们可以考虑让内容延伸至屏幕的边缘。系统天气应用是这个方法的绝佳范例:用漂亮的全屏展示现在的天气,直观地向用户传递了最重要的信息。同时也有空间展示每小时的天气数据。
 
重新考虑物理和现实的视觉指示。比如边框、渐变以及阴影有时会加重UI的视觉效果,从而让外在形式掩盖了内容。相反,我们需要关注内容,让UI作为辅助角色出现。
 
半透明的UI元素可以展示背景后边的内容,半透明的设计可以帮助用户了解到更多的内容。
 
指示要清晰
明晰的展示是确保内容至上的另一方法。以下是一些可以让最重要的内容和功能清晰可见、易于交互的方法。
 
大量使用留白
白色区域可以让重要的内容和功能更明显。同时空白可以向用户传递宁静和安宁的感觉,让app显得更专注,更有效率。
 
 
让颜色简化UI
一个关键色,例如图中Note中的黄色,强调了重要的状态,同时巧妙的展示了交互性,同时还让app有了一致的视觉主题。
 
 
用系统字体确保文本的易读性。iOS 7系统字体会自动调整文字的间距和行高,这样文本会容易阅读,用户选择的字体尺寸看上去也很棒。
 
 
 
使用无边界线的按钮
不再依靠边框来表现可交互性,取而代之使用有艺术感的按钮标题或者系统颜色来向用户表示这些元素是可交互的。通讯录的界面使用了系统的蓝色来给用户显示交互信息。
 
使用深度层次来进行交流
iOS 7使用清晰,可以传递层次和位置的分层来展示内容,这样可以帮助用户理解屏幕上物体之间的关系。使用一个半透明的背景,看上去像是漂浮在Home屏上,这样文件夹就能清楚地把内容和屏幕上的其他内容分隔开来。
 
用户在使用 Reminders中的内容时,其他内容会以层次的形式展示在屏幕。如果用户需要看到所有的项目,用户可以展开相关的图层。
 
 
在用户浏览年、月、日的时候,日历通过增强的转场效果给用户一种深度感。这里是一个滚动的 year view  ,用户可以清楚明了地看清当天的日期,或是进行其他日历任务操作。
 
当用户选择了一个月份, year view  界面就会缩小远离,而 month view就会显示出来。  
 
 
 
在用户选择日期的时候, month view也会出现上述转场动画。

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Introduction Introduction 9 At a Glance 9 Great iOS Apps Embrace the Platform and HI Design Principles 9 Great App Design Begins with Some Clear Definitions 10 A Great User Experience Is Rooted in Your Attention to Detail 10 People Expect to Find iOS Technologies in the Apps They Use 10 All Apps Need at Least Some Custom Artwork 11 Chapter 1 Platform Characteristics 13 The Display Is Paramount, Regardless of Its Size 13 Device Orientation Can Change 14 Apps Respond to Gestures, Not Clicks 14 People Interact with One App at a Time 15 Preferences Are Available in Settings 16 Onscreen User Help Is Minimal 16 Most iOS Apps Have a Single Window 17 Two Types of Software Run in iOS 17 Safari on iOS Provides the Web Interface 18 Chapter 2 Human Interface Principles 21 Aesthetic Integrity 21 Consistency 21 Direct Manipulation 22 Feedback 22 Metaphors 22 User Control 23 Chapter 3 App Design Strategies 25 Create an Application Definition Statement 25 1. List All the Features You Think Users Might Like 25 2. Determine Who Your Users Are 26 3. Filter the Feature List Through the Audience Definition 26 4. Don’t Stop There 26 Design the App for the Device 27 Embrace iOS UI Paradigms 27 Ensure that Universal Apps Run Well on Both iPhone and iPad 28 Reconsider Web-Based Designs 28 Tailor Customization to the Task 29 Prototype and Iterate 31 Chapter 4 Case Studies: Transitioning to iOS 33 From Mail on the Desktop to Mail on iPhone 33 From Keynote on the Desktop to Keynote on iPad 35 From Mail on iPhone to Mail on iPad 38 From a Desktop Browser to Safari on iOS 41 Chapter 5 User Experience Guidelines 47 Focus on the Primary Task 47 Elevate the Content that People Care About 48 Think Top Down 48 Give People a Logical Path to Follow 48 Make Usage Easy and Obvious 49 Use User-Centric Terminology 50 Minimize the Effort Required for User Input 50 Downplay File-Handling Operations 50 Enable Collaboration and Connectedness 51 De-emphasize Settings 52 Brand Appropriately 53 Make Search Quick and Rewarding 53 Entice and Inform with a Well-Written Description 54 Be Succinct 55 Use UI Elements Consistently 55 Consider Adding Physicality and Realism 56 Delight People with Stunning Graphics 57 Handle Orientation Changes 58 Make Targets Fingertip-Size 60 Use Subtle Animation to Communicate 61 Support Gestures Appropriately 62 Ask People to Save Only When Necessary 63 Make Modal Tasks Occasional and Simple 63 Start Instantly 64 Always Be Prepared to Stop 65 Don’t Quit Programmatically 65 If Necessary, Display a License Agreement or Disclaimer 65 For iPad: Enhance Interactivity (Don’t Just Add Features) 66 For iPad: Reduce Full-Screen Transitions 66 For iPad: Restrain Your Information Hierarchy 67 For iPad: Consider Using Popovers for Some Modal Tasks 69 For iPad: Migrate Toolbar Content to the Top 70 Chapter 6 iOS Technology Usage Guidelines 73 iCloud Storage 73 Multitasking 74 Notification Center 76 Printing 80 iAd Rich Media Ads 81 Quick Look Document Preview 87 Sound 88 Understand User Expectations 88 Define the Audio Behavior of Your App 89 Manage Audio Interruptions 93 Handle Media Remote Control Events, if Appropriate 94 VoiceOver and Accessibility 95 Edit Menu 96 Undo and Redo 98 Keyboards and Input Views 99 Location Services 99 Chapter 7 iOS UI Element Usage Guidelines 101 Bars 101 The Status Bar 101 Navigation Bar 102 Toolbar 105 Tab Bar 106 Content Views 108 Popover (iPad Only) 108 Split View (iPad Only) 111 Table View 113 Text View 121 Web View 122 Container View Controller 123 Alerts, Action Sheets, and Modal Views 123 Alert 123 Action Sheet 127 Modal View 130 Controls 133 Activity Indicator 133 Date and Time Picker 133 Detail Disclosure Button 134 Info Button 135 Label 135 Network Activity Indicator 136 Page Indicator 136 Picker 137 5 2011-10-12 | . 2011 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved. CONTENTS Progress View 138 Rounded Rectangle Button 139 Scope Bar 139 Search Bar 140 Segmented Control 141 Slider 142 Stepper 143 Switch 143 Text Field 144 System-Provided Buttons and Icons 145 Standard Buttons for Use in Toolbars and Navigation Bars 145 Standard Icons for Use in Tab Bars 148 Standard Buttons for Use in Table Rows and Other UI Elements 149 Chapter 8 Custom Icon and Image Creation Guidelines 151 Tips for Designing Great Icons and Images 152 Tips for Creating Great Artwork for the Retina Display 153 Tips for Creating Resizable Images 154 Application Icons 155 Launch Images 157 Small Icons 159 Document Icons 160 Document Icon Specifications for iPhone 160 Document Icon Specifications for iPad 161 Web Clip Icons 163 Icons for Navigation Bars, Toolbars, and Tab Bars 164 Newsstand Icons 166 Document Revision History 169
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