hadoop编程入门学习笔记-1 安装运行hadoop

一、基础环境

	主机	虚拟机1	虚拟机2	虚拟机3
名称		hadoop.master	hadoop.slave01	hadoop.slave02
IP	192.168.206.1	192.168.206.120	192.168.206.121	192.168.206.122
操作系统	win7 64位	centOS 6.4 64位	centOS 6.4 64位	centOS 6.4 64位
CPU核	i5 4核	1	1	1
RAM	8 GB	2 GB	2 GB	2 GB
硬盘	1T	20 GB	20 GB	20 GB

二、安装配置

1. 在三个虚拟机上创建hadoop组和hadoop用户, 创建完后用id hadoop看一下，我的机器上是uid=500(hadoop) gid=5000(hadoop) 组=500(hadoop)

    

su - 
groupadd hadoop
useradd -g hadoop hadoop

2. 配置hadoop.master、hadoop.slave01、hadoop.slave02三个虚拟机免密码登录

    1) 在/etc/hosts文件增加以下3行（3台机器上都要增加） 

   192.168.206.120  hadoop.master
   192.168.206.121  hadoop.slave01
   192.168.206.122  hadoop.slave02

   2)生成authorized_keys文件

在hadoop.master的 /home/hadoop目录下执行  ssh-keygen -t rsa 遇提问，直接回车，在~/.ssh目录下得到id_rsa,id_rsa.pub两个文件
     在hadoop.master的/home/hadoop目录下执行 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 在~/.ssh目录下得到authorized_keys文件
     在hadoop.slave01、hadoop.slave02 的/home/hadoop目录下执行  ssh-keygen -t rsa 遇提问，直接回车，在~/.ssh目录下得到id_rsa,id_rsa.pub两个文件
     在hadoop.master的/home/hadoop目录下执行 scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop@hadoop.slave01:~/.ssh ，拷贝authorized_keys文件到hadoop.slave01/home/hadoop/.ssh/authorized_keys
     在hadoop.slave01的/home/hadoop目录下执行 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
     在hadoop.slave01的/home/hadoop目录下执行 scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop@hadoop.slave02:~/.ssh ，拷贝authorized_keys文件到hadoop.slave02/home/hadoop/.ssh/authorized_keys
     在hadoop.slave02的/home/hadoop目录下执行 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
    在hadoop.slave02的/home/hadoop目录下执行 scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop@hadoop.slave01:~/.ssh ，拷贝authorized_keys文件到hadoop.slave01/home/hadoop/.ssh/authorized_keys
    在hadoop.slave02的/home/hadoop目录下执行 scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys hadoop@hadoop.master:~/.ssh ，拷贝authorized_keys文件到hadoop.master/home/hadoop/.ssh/authorized_keys
     在hadoop.master、hadoop.slave01、hadoop.slave02上执行chmod 700 ~/.ssh和chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys/home/hadoop

 

3. 在hadoop.maste的主目录(/home/hadoop)下建目录cloud，将软件hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz用tar命令解压缩到/home/hadoop/cloud目录，用mv命令对解压缩后的目录改名为hadoop，更改后的目录为/home/hadoop/cloud/hadoop

4. 配置core-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.default.name</name>
        <value>hdfs://hadoop.master:9000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/cloud/hdtmp</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

5.配置hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>3</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/cloud/hdname</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/cloud/hddata</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/cloud/hdtmp/</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

6.配置mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

7.配置yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
   <property>
       <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
       <value>hadoop.master</value>
   </property>

    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>hadoop.master:8031</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
         <value>hadoop.master:8030</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>hadoop.master:8032</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.local-dirs</name>
        <value>${hadoop.tmp.dir}/nodemanager/local</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.address</name>
        <value>0.0.0.0:8034</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.remote-app-log-dir</name>
        <value>${hadoop.tmp.dir}/nodemanager/remote</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.log-dirs</name>
        <value>${hadoop.tmp.dir}/nodemanager/logs</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
     </property>
</configuration>

8.配置masters

hadoop.master

9.配置slaves

hadoop.slave01
hadoop.slave02

10.配置环境变量

export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64"
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/cloud/hadoop
export PATH=.:$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin

三、启动、停止

1.格式化namenode

hadoop namenode -format

2. 启动(脚本在/homd/hadoop/cloud/hadoop/sbin目录)

start-dfs.sh
start-yarn.sh

3.停止

stop-yarn.sh
stop-dfs.sh

4.用命令查看

hadoop.master

$ jps
3885 SecondaryNameNode
5497 Jps
4070 ResourceManager
3724 NameNode

hadoop.slave01

$jps
3716 NodeManager
4464 Jps
3594 DataNode

hadoop.slave02

$jps
3716 NodeManager
4700 Jps
3600 DataNode

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">5. 用web ui 查看</span>

http://hadoop.master:8088

http://hadoop.master:50070