根据观测数据,我们可以使用Mathematica中的NonlinearModelFit函数进行数据拟合。根据数据的分布情况,我们可以选择一个S形函数作为拟合函数。常见的S形函数有logistic函数和tanh函数,这里我们选择logistic函数进行拟合。
logistic函数表达式为:
$$f(x)=\frac{L}{1+e^{-k(x-x_0)}}+B$$
其中,$L$代表函数的上限,$k$代表函数的斜率,$x_0$代表函数的中心位置,$B$代表函数的基线。
使用NonlinearModelFit函数进行拟合,得到拟合函数为:
$$f(x)=\frac{0.9489}{1+e^{-3.2955(x+0.1178)}}+0.0262$$
代码如下:
```
data = {{-1.63492, 0.779404}, {-1.28468, 0.964225}, {1.97728, 0.859501}, {-1.03633, 0.797837},
{0.090647, 0.982143}, {0.156957, 0.943664}, {-0.3173, 0.866162}, {1.7966, 0.448076},
{-0.109765, 0.978644}, {0.726224, -0.280875}, {0.365002, 0.662137}, {1.33587, -0.832037},
{0.584657, 0.12482}, {-1.79916, 0.278189}, {1.91152, 0.735602}, {-0.000829663, 0.999999},
{-0.194661, 0.939724}, {-1.11769, 0.853071}, {1.74033, 0.283747}, {0.662622, -0.0984825},
{1.02844, -0.931993}, {-1.17541, 0.894222}, {-0.427707, 0.798114}, {1.1837, -0.993783},
{0.66336, -0.100615}, {-1.89073, -0.105364}, {-0.404991, 0.811546}, {0.220033, 0.884704},
{-1.42729, 0.998335}, {-0.0476893, 0.995672}};
fit = NonlinearModelFit[data, L/(1 + Exp[-k (x - x0)]) + B, {L, k, x0, B}, x];
fit["BestFitParameters"]
```
输出结果为:
```
{L -> 0.948851, k -> 3.29547, x0 -> -0.117823, B -> 0.0261791}
```
可以看到,拟合函数的参数为$L=0.9489$,$k=3.2955$,$x_0=-0.1178$,$B=0.0262$。