学以致用——Java源码——储蓄账户余额推算表BigDecimal版（Savings Account Class, BigDecimal version）

程序功能：

1. 通过年利率计算月利率（精度为小数点后4位，即精确到万分之XX）

2. 根据起初账户余额推算每个月末的账户余额（本金+利息）

注：上一个版本没有使用BigDecimal类处理金额计算问题，本版本优化为使用BigDecimal类。

参考文章：实体类-银行账户余额推算表（Savings Account Class），https://blog.csdn.net/hpdlzu80100/article/details/51864598

运行结果：

本年度年利率为百分之4.00，每月账户余额推算如下： 月份        储户1                      储户2 1              2006.60                   3009.90 2              2013.22                   3019.83 3              2019.87                   3029.80 4              2026.53                   3039.80 5              2033.22                   3049.83 6              2039.93                   3059.89 7              2046.66                   3069.99 8              2053.41                   3080.12 9              2060.19                   3090.29 10            2066.99                   3100.48 11            2073.81                   3110.71 12            2080.65                   3120.98   下一年度年利率为为百分之5.00，每月账户余额推算如下： 月份        储户1                      储户2 1              2087.52                   3131.28 2              2094.41                   3141.61 3              2101.32                   3151.98 4              2108.25                   3162.38 5              2115.21                   3172.82 6              2122.19                   3183.29 7              2129.19                   3193.79 8              2136.22                   3204.33 9              2143.27                   3214.91 10            2150.34                   3225.52 11            2157.44                   3236.16 12            2164.56                   3246.84

代码：

1. 实体类SavingAccountBigDecimal

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;

//JHTP Exercise 8.5: Savings Account Class
//by pandenghuang@163.com
/**(Savings Account Class) Create class SavingsAccount. Use a static 
* variable annualInterestRate to store the annual interest rate for
* all account holders. Each object of the class contains a private 
* instance variable savingsBalance indicating the amount the saver 
* currently has on deposit.Provide method calculateMonthlyInterest 
* to calculate the monthly interest by multiplying the savingsBalance
* by annualInterestRate divided by 12—this interest should be added 
* to savings-Balance. Provide a static method modifyInterestRate
* that sets the annualInterestRate to a new value. Write a program 
* to test class SavingsAccount. Instantiate two savingsAccount objects,
* saver1 and saver2, with balances of $2000.00 and $3000.00, respectively.
* Set annualInterestRate to 4%, then calculate the monthly interest for 
* each of 12 months and print the new balances for both savers. Next, 
* set the annualInterestRate to 5%, calculate the next month’s interest
*  and print the new balances for both savers.
*/

class SavingAccountBigDecimal
{
 public static BigDecimal annualInterestRate = new BigDecimal(Double.toString(0.04)); 
 public static BigDecimal monthlyInterestRate = annualInterestRate.divide(new BigDecimal(Integer.toString(12)), 4,RoundingMode.HALF_UP); 
 private BigDecimal savingsBalance; 


 public SavingAccountBigDecimal(BigDecimal savingsBalance)
 {
    this.savingsBalance=savingsBalance; 
 } 
 
 public BigDecimal calculateMonthlyInterest(){ //计算月末账户余额（本金+利息）
	   savingsBalance = savingsBalance.multiply(monthlyInterestRate.add(BigDecimal.ONE));
	   return savingsBalance;
 }
 
 public static void setAnnualInterestRate(BigDecimal annualInterestRate){  //修改年利率
	 SavingAccountBigDecimal.annualInterestRate = annualInterestRate;
 }

} 

 2. 测试类

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class SavingAccountTest 
{
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
    SavingAccountBigDecimal saver1 = new SavingAccountBigDecimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(2000.00)); 
    SavingAccountBigDecimal saver2 = new SavingAccountBigDecimal(BigDecimal.valueOf(3000.00)); 
    
    SavingAccountBigDecimal.setAnnualInterestRate(BigDecimal.valueOf(0.04));
    System.out.printf("本年度年利率为百分之%.2f，每月账户余额推算如下：\n",
  		  SavingAccountBigDecimal.annualInterestRate.multiply(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)));
    System.out.println("月份\t储户1\t\t储户2");
    for(int i=1;i<=12;i++){
  	  System.out.printf("%d\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\n",i,saver1.calculateMonthlyInterest(),
  			  saver2.calculateMonthlyInterest());  
    }
    
    SavingAccountBigDecimal.setAnnualInterestRate(BigDecimal.valueOf(0.05));
    System.out.printf("\n下一年度年利率为为百分之%.2f，每月账户余额推算如下：\n",
  		  SavingAccountBigDecimal.annualInterestRate.multiply(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)));
    System.out.println("月份\t储户1\t\t储户2");
    for(int i=1;i<=12;i++){
  	  System.out.printf("%d\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\n",i,saver1.calculateMonthlyInterest(),
  			  saver2.calculateMonthlyInterest());  
    }
    
 } 
}