简介:数据传输,通常依赖GET/POST请求,但是都有可能提交中文数据。一般在Serlvet中对中文进行编码处理。Servlet下POST/GET中文乱码的处理方式
我们现在可以将处理乱码交给过滤器(Filter)完成,只需要在Servlet中调用request.getParameter();接收参数即可,而不去关心到底get/post如何处理乱码.
增强request中的getParameter方法的三种方式:
*继承 :控制类的构造即可。
*装饰者模式 :增强的类和被增强的类实现相同的接口,增强的类中获得到被增强的类的引用。(ps:缺点):实现接口方法过多
*动态代理 :被增强的类实现接口就可以。查看(推荐使用动态代理的方式解决中文乱码)
代码实现:
encoding.jsp(web界面)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
post方式:
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/encoding" method="post">
<input type="text" name="p">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
get方式
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/encoding" method="get">
<input type="text" name="g">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
encoding.java(Servlet)
package com.itheima.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* @author 侯青华
* @version 创建时间:2018年3月21日 下午8:19:38
*/
public class encoding extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String p = request.getParameter("g");
System.out.println(p);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String p = request.getParameter("p");
System.out.println(p);
}
}
web.xml
<!-- Servlet配置 -->
<servlet>
<description></description>
<display-name>encoding</display-name>
<servlet-name>encoding</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.itheima.servlet.encoding</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>encoding</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/encoding</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 过滤器配置 -->
<filter>
<display-name>GenericEncodingFilter</display-name>
<filter-name>GenericEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.itheima.servlet.GenericEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>GenericEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
GenericEncodingFilter.java(字符过滤器)
package com.itheima.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
/**
* 通用的字符集编码的过滤器
*/
public class GenericEncodingFilter implements Filter {
public void destroy() {
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
MyRequest myReq = new MyRequest(req);
chain.doFilter(myReq, response);
}
public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
MyHttpServletRequestWrapper.java
*装饰者模式 :增强的类和被增强的类实现相同的接口,增强的类中获得到被增强的类的引用。(ps:缺点):实现接口方法过多
package com.itheima.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
/**
* 解决get和post请求 全部乱码
*
* @author admin
*
*/
public class MyHttpServletRequestWrapper implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
// 转型为与协议相关对象
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
// 对request包装增强
HttpServletRequest myrequest = new MyRequest(httpServletRequest);
chain.doFilter(myrequest, response);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
// 自定义request对象
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private HttpServletRequest request;
public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);// super必须写
this.request = request;
}
// 对需要增强方法 进行覆盖
@Override
public Map getParameterMap() {
// 先获得请求方式
String method = request.getMethod();
if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
// post请求
try {
// 处理post乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
return request.getParameterMap();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")) {
// get请求
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
for (String parameterName : parameterMap.keySet()) {
String[] values = parameterMap.get(parameterName);
if (values != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
try {
// 处理get乱码
if(values[i] != null){
values[i] = new String(values[i].getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8");
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
return parameterMap;
}
return super.getParameterMap();
}
@Override
public String getParameter(String name) {
String method = request.getMethod();
if("get".equalsIgnoreCase(method)){
String value = request.getParameter(name);
if (value != null) {
try {
value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return value;
}else if("post".equalsIgnoreCase(method)){
try {
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return super.getParameter(name);
}
@Override
public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
return values;
}
}