Python解LeetCode 771: Jewels and Stones

给定A字符串，寻找B字符串中有多少字符出现在A中，重复出现的计算次数，拟采用位操作，为两个字符串计算位表示，然后让这两个位表示求与操作，将结果的二进制表示中各个位相加，或者说计算其中有几个数字1。关于字符串的位操作参见Python解LeetCode 318: Maximum Product of Word Lengths，解答代码如下：

import string


class Solution(object):
	def numJewelsInStones(self, J, S):
		"""
		:type J: str
		:type S: str
		:rtype: int
		"""
		# 预计算每个字母的二进制表示
		char_bin_dic = {}
		for char in list(string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase):
			offset = ord(char) - ord('A')
			char_bin_dic[char] = (1 << offset)
		J_bin = 0
		for char in J:
			char_bin = char_bin_dic[char]
			J_bin = J_bin | char_bin
		
		# 二进制与运算计数
		result = 0
		for char in S:
			char_bin = char_bin_dic[char]
			if J_bin & char_bin != 0:
				result += 1
		return result