hibernate入门（一）

最近一直想梳理一下hibernate的相关知识，现在趁着有时间先慢慢写，有什么不到之处请大家指出。

关于hibernate的理论知识就不多讲了，主要还是以代码为主，如果想要系统学习hibernate，大家可以参考《Hibernate实战》这本书。

1.首先创建一张表

CREATE TABLE `t_user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

2.创建t_user对应的po类

package po;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class TUser implements Serializable {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 4919468989314896832L;
	
	private Long id;
	//private String id;
	private String name;
	public Long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	/*public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}*/
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
}

3.创建TUser类与t_user表的映射文件TUser.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
	
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="po.TUser" table="t_user">
		<id name="id">
			<!-- 主键生成策略  -->
			<generator class="identity"/>
			<!-- <generator class="uuid"/> -->
		</id>
		<property name="name"/>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

4.使用log4j作为日志

#
# Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java
#
# License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later.
# See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>.
#

### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

### direct messages to file hibernate.log ###
#log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log
#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###

log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout

#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=info
log4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug

### log HQL query parser activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug

### log just the SQL
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug

### log JDBC bind parameters ###
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug

### log schema export/update ###
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug

### log HQL parse trees
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug

### log cache activity ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug

### log transaction activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug

### log JDBC resource acquisition
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug

### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###
### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace

5.创建hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory >
		<!-- mysql数据库驱动 -->
		<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<!-- mysql数据库名称 -->
		<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate_test</property>
		<!-- 数据库的登陆用户名 -->
		<property name="hibernate.connection.username">mysql</property>
		<!-- 数据库的登陆密码 -->
		<property name="hibernate.connection.password">mysql</property>
		<!-- 方言：为每一种数据库提供适配器，方便转换 -->
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<mapping resource="po/TUser.hbm.xml"/>
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

6.测试代码

package test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

import po.TUser;

public class HibernateTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Session session = null;
		try {
			session = getCurrentSession(); 
			Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();// 开启事务 
			TUser user = new TUser();
			user.setName("用户名223"); 
			session.save(user); 
			transaction.commit(); // 提交事务 
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (session != null) {
				if (session.isOpen()) {
					session.close();// 关闭session
				}
			}
		}
	}
	
	public static Session getCurrentSession(){
		Configuration config = new Configuration().configure("conf/hibernate.cfg.xml");
		SessionFactory factory = config.buildSessionFactory();
		Session session = null;
		session = factory.openSession();
		return session;
	}

}