android线程间通信机制5---IntentService

IntentService就是一个自身含有消息循环的Service，内部封装了一个消息队列和一个HandlerThread。
onHandleIntent方法运行在它的消息队列线程中。
IntentService的特点：特殊的Service，继承自Service并且本身是一个抽象类。可以用于在后台执行耗时操作的异步任务。
IntentService继承自Service，内部有一个HandlerThread对象。

源码
package android.app;

import android.annotation.WorkerThread;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;

public abstract class IntentService extends Service {
    //成员变量Looper
    private volatile Looper mServiceLooper;
    //成员变量ServiceHandler
    private volatile ServiceHandler mServiceHandler;
    private String mName;
    private boolean mRedelivery;

    //final内部类ServiceHandler
    private final class ServiceHandler extends Handler {
        public ServiceHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            onHandleIntent((Intent)msg.obj);
            stopSelf(msg.arg1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates an IntentService.  Invoked by your subclass's constructor.
     */
    public IntentService(String name) {
        super();
        mName = name;
    }

    /**
     * Sets intent redelivery preferences.  Usually called from the constructor
     */
    public void setIntentRedelivery(boolean enabled) {
        mRedelivery = enabled;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        // TODO: It would be nice to have an option to hold a partial wakelock
        // during processing, and to have a static startService(Context, Intent)
        // method that would launch the service & hand off a wakelock.

        super.onCreate();
        HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("IntentService[" + mName + "]");
        thread.start();

        mServiceLooper = thread.getLooper();
        mServiceHandler = new ServiceHandler(mServiceLooper);
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart(@Nullable Intent intent, int startId) {
        Message msg = mServiceHandler.obtainMessage();
        msg.arg1 = startId;
        msg.obj = intent;
        mServiceHandler.sendMessage(msg);
    }

    /**
     * You should not override this method for your IntentService. Instead,
     */
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(@Nullable Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        onStart(intent, startId);
        return mRedelivery ? START_REDELIVER_INTENT : START_NOT_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        mServiceLooper.quit();
    }

    /**
     * Unless you provide binding for your service, you don't need to implement this
     */
    @Override
    @Nullable
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     */
    @WorkerThread
    protected abstract void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent);
}

    在onCreate的时候会创建一个HandlerThread对象，并启动线程。紧接着创建ServiceHandler对象，ServiceHandler继承自Handler，用来处理消息。ServiceHandler将获取HandlerThread的Looper就可以开始正常工作了。

    每启动一次onStart方法，就会把数消息和数据发给mServiceHandler，相当于发送了一次Message消息给HandlerThread的消息队列。mServiceHandler会把数据传个onHandleIntent方法，onHandleIntent是个抽象方法，需要在IntentService实现，所以每次onStart方法之后都会调用我们自己写的onHandleIntent方法去处理。处理完毕使用stopSelf通知HandlerThread已经处理完毕，HandlerThread继续观察消息队列，如果还有未执行玩的message则继续执行，否则结束。