智慧楼宇篇 2 —— 室内定位技术(二) - WIFI室内定位技术

WIFI室内定位技术

引言

本文探讨室内定位技术中的一种:WIFI室内定位技术,并在定位技术系列最后对各种定位技术进行总结,敬请关注微信公众号“智物客”后续文章。

概述

基于WIFI技术的室内定位技术,可实现无线局域网实时定位,它结合无线局域网络(WLAN)和实时定位等多种技术,在室内外局部空间内,实现复杂的人员的定位、监测和追踪任务,并准确找寻到目标对象。

3  WIFI室内定位工作原理

(1)为提供 WIFI定位服务,室内会部署有热点(AP,每一个无线 AP都有一个全球唯一的 MAC 地址,并且一般来说无线 AP 在一段时间内是不会改变的。

(2)WIFI终端可以程序控制扫描并收集周围的 AP 信号,无论是否加密,是否已连接,甚至信号强度不足以显示在无线信号列表中,都可以获取到 AP 广播出来的 MAC 地址。

(3)对应每个 AP,这里有两个重要数据,AP 的 MAC 地址信号强度,MAC 地址可以决定是哪个 AP;信号强度理论上是和 AP 之间的距离有函数关系的,就是根据信号强度可以算出和 AP 的距离。

(4)WIFI

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室内定位算法,有助于研究者认清研究方向,给定位算法一个准确的描述,是很好的参考教材。the possibility for the user to be notified by visible and Waveformof Distance audible warnings using buzzer and led ar to Very close to al 1903 Tme「 samples Fig 4 Distance measurement using the RSSi signal The system is used to determine the distance between Fig. 2. Tag4M Data Acquisition System tags and 2, 3, 4 or more APs. The tag scans after the aps ⅣV. EXPERIMENTS and sends the rssi values for each ap to the ap which is associated The system presented above can be used for objects or In order to read the corresponding rSsi values of all people localization in an indoor enviro found access points, a""operation is implemented at Let's suppose a building where several objects are Tag4M level. The time to scan is smaller than few distributed all over milliseconds, because the tag doesnt associate with the all For a better understanding of the system, it is showed an APs. These values are sent to a pC where the localization experiment where the objects are placed only at one floor. algorithm is implemented in LabVIFW20 10 (see Fig. 5) Each of these objects has attached a tag. The devices are Table I presents a scan operation result. In this case used to determine the location of the objects in the four APs(which are placed in the floor building)named building and the distance between tags and APs. To Hawk, Helicopter, Tag4M and WitagServer are detected measure the distance, the RSSI is processed. This method The corresponding rSSi values(in dBm) measured by the is not very accurate and is strong depended to the Tag4M are reported for every AP environment, but is very easy to implement with the TABLE 1. A SEQUENCE OF RESULTS FOR THE SCANOPERATION The Fig 3 presents the experiment environment for one EXFCUTED ON THE TAG4M DEVICE oor where the colored circles represents the APs and the rectangles represents the objects intended to be located This floor is divided in six rooms separated by walls

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