java builder模式

java builder模式主要是用一个内部类去实例化一个对象，避免一个类出现多个构造函数，并且构造函数如果出现默认参数，就比较容易出错。
不直接生成想要的对象，而是让客户端利用所有必要的参数调用构造器，得到一个builder对象，然后客户端在builder对象上调用类似于setter的方法，来设置每个相关的可选参数，最后客户端调用无参数的build方法来生成不可变的对象。

public class test2 {
	private final int servingsize;
	private final int servings;
	private final int calories;
	private final int fat;
	private final int sodium;
	private final int carbohydrate;
	
	public static class Builder{
		//必备参数
		private final int servingsize;
		private final int servings;
		//可选参数，初始化
		private int calories=0;
		private int fat=0;
		private int sodium=0;
		private int carbohydrate=0;
		
		public Builder(int servingsize,int servings) {
			this.servingsize=servingsize;
			this.servings=servings;
		}
		public Builder calories(int val) {
			calories=val;
			return this;
		}
		public Builder fat(int val) {
			fat=val;
			return this;
		}
		public Builder sodium(int val) {
			sodium=val;
			return this;
		}
		public Builder carbohydrate(int val) {
			carbohydrate=val;
			return this;
		}
		public test2 build() {
			return new test2(this);
		}
	}
	private test2(Builder builder) {
		servingsize=builder.servingsize;
		servings=builder.servings;
		calories=builder.calories;
		fat =builder.fat;
		sodium=builder.sodium;
		carbohydrate=builder.carbohydrate;
		
	}

}

客户端调用：

test2 cocacola=new test2.Builder(240, 8).calories(100).carbohydrate(27).build();

这样就可以随意设置自己想要自定义的参数。