php中的DirectoryIterator和RecursiveDirectoryIterator

php中,可以用用DirectoryIterator获取指定目录的文件或者目录.

$path = "/tmp";  
$oDir = new DirectoryIterator($path);  
foreach($oDir as $file)  
{  
  if($file->isfile())  
  {  
    $tmpFile['link'] = $file->getPath();  
    $tmpFile['name'] = $file->getFileName();  
    $tmpFile['type'] = 'file';  
    $tmpFile['size'] = _cal_size($file->getSize());  
    $tmpFile['mtime'] = $file->getMTime();  
    $arrFile[] = $tmpFile;  
  }  
}  
print_r($arrFile);  
/* output 
Array 
( 
    [0] => Array 
        ( 
            [link] => /tmp 
            [name] => scim-panel-socket-:0-root 
            [type] => dir 
            [size] => 0b 
            [mtime] => 1222049895 
        ) 

    [1] => Array 
        ( 
            [link] => /tmp 
            [name] => .font-unix 
            [type] => dir 
            [size] => 4k 
            [mtime] => 1241417372 
        ) 
) 
*/  

RecursiveDirectoryIterator 获取目录下所有的文件,包括子目录 ,其中搭配:
RecursiveIteratorIterator使用.
(RecursiveIteratorIterator是个递归迭代器，其后可选带四个参数（只能任一）

RecursiveIteratorIterator::LEAVES_ONLY
默认，已在__construct中设定使用
作用是去枝留叶，跳过空节点，只递归取实值
举例就是
1.递归文件夹取文件时跳过文件夹本身，只取文件夹下面的文件，输出的项全部是file（文件和各级子文件夹的文件）
2.多维数组就跳过前几维的key，而取value，输出的每一项都不是array
3.XML只取值(text)，不输出节点名，当然还要视乎你设定获取xml什么内容

RecursiveIteratorIterator::SELF_FIRST
各项都包含，例如递归文件夹就会连同子文件夹名称也作为其中项输出，顺序是先父后子

RecursiveIteratorIterator::CHILD_FIRST
同上，但顺序是先子后父，./test/test.php会在./test（文件夹）前面)

$path = "/tmp/";
$objects = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($path));
foreach($objects as $object)
{
$tmpFile['link'] = $object->getPath();
$tmpFile['name'] = $object->getFileName();
$tmpFile['type'] = $object->isFile() ? 'file' : 'dir';
$tmpFile['size'] = _cal_size($object->getSize());
$tmpFile['mtime'] = $object->getMTime();
$arrFile[] = $tmpFile;
}
print_r($arrFile);
/*
output:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[link] => /tmp
[name] => scim-panel-socket-:0-root
[type] => dir
[size] => 0b
[mtime] => 1222049895
)

[1] => Array
(
[link] => /tmp/.font-unix
[name] => fs7100
[type] => dir
[size] => 0b
[mtime] => 1241417372
)
)
*/

再来看个例子:
<?php

/*** the target directory, no trailling slash ***/
$directory = './';

try
{
/*** check if we have a valid directory ***/
if( !is_dir($directory) )
{
throw new Exception('Directory does not exist!'."\n");
}

/*** check if we have permission to rename the files ***/
if( !is_writable( $directory ))
{
throw new Exception('You do not have renaming permissions!'."\n");
}


/**
*
* @collapse white space
*
* @param string $string
*
* @return string
*
*/
function collapseWhiteSpace($string)
{
return preg_replace('/\s+/', ' ', $string);
}

/**
* @convert file names to nice names
*
* @param string $filename
*
* @return string
*
*/
function safe_names($filename)
{
$filename = collapseWhiteSpace($filename);
$filename = str_replace(' ', '-', $filename);
$filename = preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9-.]/i','',$filename);
return strtolower($filename);
}

$it = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($directory, 0));
/*** loop directly over the object ***/
while($it->valid())
{
/*** check if value is a directory ***/
if(!$it->isDot())
{
if(!is_writable($directory.'/'.$it->getSubPathName()))
{
echo 'Permission Denied: '.$directory.'/'.$it->getSubPathName()."\n";
}
else
{
/*** the old file name ***/
$old_file = $directory.'/'.$it->getSubPathName();

/*** the new file name ***/
$new_file = $directory.'/'.$it->getSubPath().'/'.safe_names($it->current());

/*** rename the file ***/
rename ($old_file, $new_file);

/*** a little message to say file is converted ***/
echo 'Renamed '. $directory.'/'.$it->getSubPathName() ."\n";
}
}
/*** move to the next iteration ***/
$it->next();
}

/*** when we are all done let the user know ***/
echo 'Renaming of files complete'."\n";
}
catch(Exception $e)
{
echo $e->getMessage()."\n";
}
?>