C++17之预处理条件__has_include

c++ 17扩展了预处理器，使其能够检查是否包含特定的头文件。
例如:

#if __has_include(<filesystem>)
# include <filesystem>
# define HAS_FILESYSTEM 1
#elif __has_include(<experimental/filesystem>)
# include <experimental/filesystem>
# define HAS_FILESYSTEM 1
# define FILESYSTEM_IS_EXPERIMENTAL 1
#elif __has_include("filesystem.hpp")
# include "filesystem.hpp"
# define HAS_FILESYSTEM 1
# define FILESYSTEM_IS_EXPERIMENTAL 1
#else
# define HAS_FILESYSTEM 0
#endif

来个简单的例子：

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
#if __has_include(<cstdio>)
    printf("c program");
#endif

#if __has_include("iostream")
    std::cout << "c++ program" << std::endl;
#endif

    return 0;
}

如果相应的#include命令有效，那么_has_include(…)中的条件的值为1 (true)。