ComputerVision：积分图求解

文章出自：http://yanleilei.com/post/2013-12-04/40060319786   转载请注明出处！

一、概念说明

1、0度积分图求解图示与计算公式

2、-45度积分图求解图示与计算公式

 

3、+45度积分图求解图示与计算公式

二、程序实现

1、C程序代码

[cpp] view plain copy print ?

1. //  
2. //  
3. // ComputerVision：积分图求解  
4. //  
5. // @author Larry  
6. // @blog http://www.yanleilei.com  
7. // @date 2013.12.04  
8. //  
9.   
10. #include <cv.h>  
11. #include <iostream>  
12. using namespace std;  
13.   
14.   
15.   
16. void calIntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg );  
17.   
18. void calLeft45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg );  
19.   
20. void calUp45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* &intImg );  
21.   
22.   
23.   
24. void main() {  
25.     const int WIDTH = 10, HEIGHT = 10;  
26.     IplImage* img = cvCreateImage( cvSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );  
27.   
28.     int count = 0;  
29.     cout << "SourceImage" << endl;  
30.     for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //初始为img赋值  
31.         for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {  
32.             img->imageData[i*(img->widthStep) + j] = count++;  
33.             cout << setw(5) << (int)(unsigned char)img->imageData[i*(img->widthStep) + j] << " ";  
34.         }  
35.         cout << endl;  
36.     }  
37.   
38.     int* intImg = (int*)malloc(WIDTH * HEIGHT * sizeof(int));  
39.     int* intLeft45Img = (int*)malloc(WIDTH * HEIGHT * sizeof(int));  
40.     int* intUp45Img = NULL;  
41.   
42.     calIntegralImage( img, intImg );  
43.     calLeft45IntegralImage( img, intLeft45Img );  
44.     calUp45IntegralImage( img, intUp45Img );  
45.   
46.     cout << "IntegralImage" << endl;  
47.     for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //打印0度积分图  
48.         for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {  
49.             cout << setw(5) << intImg[i*WIDTH + j] << " ";  
50.         }  
51.         cout << endl;  
52.     }  
53.     cout << endl;  
54.   
55.     cout << "Left45IntegralImage" << endl;  
56.     for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //打印-45度积分图  
57.         for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {  
58.             cout << setw(5) << intLeft45Img[i*WIDTH + j] << " ";  
59.         }  
60.         cout << endl;  
61.     }  
62.     cout << endl;  
63.   
64.     cout << "Up45IntegralImage" << endl;  
65.     for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //打印+45度积分图  
66.         for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {  
67.             cout << setw(5) << intUp45Img[i*WIDTH + j] << " ";  
68.         }  
69.         cout << endl;  
70.     }  
71.     cout << endl;  
72.   
73.     //释放内存  
74.     free( intImg );  
75.     free( intLeft45Img );  
76.     free( intUp45Img );  
77. }  
78.   
79.   
80. /** 
81.  * 求0度积分图 
82.  * 
83.  * @param srcImg 输入 原图 
84.  * @param intImg 输出 积分图 与原图同样大小 
85. */  
86. void calIntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg ) {  
87.     int i = 0, j = 0;  
88.     for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //第0列  
89.         if ( 0 == i ) {  
90.             intImg[0] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[0];  
91.         } else {  
92.             intImg[i*(srcImg->width)] = intImg[(i-1)*(srcImg->width)] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep)];  
93.         }  
94.     }  
95.     for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) { //第0行  
96.         if ( 0 == j ) {  
97.             intImg[0] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[0];  
98.         } else {  
99.             intImg[j] = intImg[j-1] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[j];  
100.         }  
101.     }  
102.     for ( i = 1; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //一般情况 SAT(x,y)=SAT(x-1,y)+SAT(x,y-1)-SAT(x-1,y-1)+I(x,y)  
103.         for ( j = 1; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) {  
104.             intImg[i*(srcImg->width) + j] =  
105.                 intImg[i*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] + intImg[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + j] -   
106.                     intImg[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];  
107.         }  
108.     }  
109. }  
110.   
111. /** 
112.  * 求-45度积分图 
113.  * 
114.  * @param srcImg 输入 原图 
115.  * @param intImg 输出 -45度积分图 与原图同样大小 
116. */  
117. void calLeft45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg ) {  
118.     int i = 0, j = 0;  
119.     int* temp = (int*)malloc((srcImg->width + 1) * (srcImg->height) * sizeof(int));//创建 (宽+1)*高 临时数组  
120.     for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //第0列补0，第1列是原图第0列   
121.         temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1)] = 0;  
122.         temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + 1] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep)];  
123.     }  
124.     for ( j = 2; j < srcImg->width + 1; j++ ) { //从第2列开始 按列赋值  
125.         for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) {  
126.             if ( 0 == i ) { //该列首元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y+1)+I(x-1,y)+I(x,y)  
127.                 temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + j] = temp[(i+1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] +  
128.                     (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-2)] +  
129.                         (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-1)];  
130.             } else if ( i == srcImg->height - 1 ) { //该列尾元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+I(x-1,y)+I(x,y)  
131.                 temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] +  
132.                     (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-2)] +  
133.                         (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-1)];  
134.             } else { //该列中间元素 采用一般公式 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+RSAT(x-1,y+1)-RSAT(x-2,y)+I(x-1,y)+I(x,y)  
135.                 temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + j] =  
136.                     temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] + temp[(i+1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] -   
137.                         temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-2)] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-2)] +  
138.                             (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-1)];  
139.             }  
140.         }  
141.     }  
142.   
143.     for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //复制temp数组除第0列以外的所有列给intImg数组  即为所求  
144.         for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) {  
145.             intImg[i*srcImg->width + j] = temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j+1)];  
146.         }  
147.     }  
148.     free( temp ); //释放临时空间  
149. }  
150.   
151.   
152. /** 
153.  * 求+45度积分图 
154.  * 
155.  * @param srcImg 输入 原图 
156.  * @param intImg 输出 +45度积分图 与原图同样大小 注意初始不用为intImg申请空间 
157. */  
158. void calUp45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* &intImg ) { //特别注意 第二个参数传的是指针本身  并不是副本  
159.     int i = 0, j = 0;  
160.     int* temp = (int*)malloc((srcImg->width) * (srcImg->height + 1) * sizeof(int));//创建 宽*(高+1) 临时数组  
161.     for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) { //第0行补0， 第1行为原图第0行  
162.         temp[j] = 0;  
163.         temp[srcImg->width + j] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[j];  
164.     }  
165.     for ( i = 2; i < srcImg->height + 1; i++ ) { //从第2行开始 按行赋值  
166.         for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) {  
167.             if ( 0 == j ) { //该行首元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x+1,y-1)+I(x,y-1)+I(x,y)  
168.                 temp[i*(srcImg->width) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j+1)] +   
169.                     (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-2)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j] +   
170.                         (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-1)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];  
171.             } else if ( j == srcImg->width - 1 ) { //该行尾元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+I(x,y-1)+I(x,y)  
172.                 temp[i*(srcImg->width) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] +   
173.                     (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-2)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j] +   
174.                         (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-1)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];  
175.             } else { //该行中间元素 采用一般公式 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+RSAT(x+1,y-1)-RSAT(x,y-2)+I(x,y-1)+I(x,y)  
176.                 temp[i*(srcImg->width) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] +   
177.                     temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j+1)] - temp[(i-2)*(srcImg->width) + j] +   
178.                             (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-2)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j] +  
179.                                 (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-1)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];  
180.             }  
181.         }  
182.     }  
183.     intImg = temp + srcImg->width; //不要第0行 intImg指针起点 指向第1行首元素 即为所求  
184. }  

//
//
// ComputerVision：积分图求解
//
// @author Larry
// @blog http://www.yanleilei.com
// @date 2013.12.04
//

#include <cv.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;



void calIntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg );

void calLeft45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg );

void calUp45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* &intImg );



void main() {
	const int WIDTH = 10, HEIGHT = 10;
	IplImage* img = cvCreateImage( cvSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );

	int count = 0;
	cout << "SourceImage" << endl;
	for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //初始为img赋值
		for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {
			img->imageData[i*(img->widthStep) + j] = count++;
			cout << setw(5) << (int)(unsigned char)img->imageData[i*(img->widthStep) + j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}

	int* intImg = (int*)malloc(WIDTH * HEIGHT * sizeof(int));
	int* intLeft45Img = (int*)malloc(WIDTH * HEIGHT * sizeof(int));
	int* intUp45Img = NULL;

	calIntegralImage( img, intImg );
	calLeft45IntegralImage( img, intLeft45Img );
	calUp45IntegralImage( img, intUp45Img );

	cout << "IntegralImage" << endl;
	for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //打印0度积分图
		for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {
			cout << setw(5) << intImg[i*WIDTH + j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;

	cout << "Left45IntegralImage" << endl;
	for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //打印-45度积分图
		for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {
			cout << setw(5) << intLeft45Img[i*WIDTH + j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;

	cout << "Up45IntegralImage" << endl;
	for ( int i = 0; i < HEIGHT; i++ ) { //打印+45度积分图
		for ( int j = 0; j < WIDTH; j++ ) {
			cout << setw(5) << intUp45Img[i*WIDTH + j] << " ";
		}
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << endl;

	//释放内存
	free( intImg );
	free( intLeft45Img );
	free( intUp45Img );
}


/**
 * 求0度积分图
 *
 * @param srcImg 输入 原图
 * @param intImg 输出 积分图 与原图同样大小
*/
void calIntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg ) {
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //第0列
		if ( 0 == i ) {
			intImg[0] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[0];
		} else {
			intImg[i*(srcImg->width)] = intImg[(i-1)*(srcImg->width)] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep)];
		}
	}
	for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) { //第0行
		if ( 0 == j ) {
			intImg[0] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[0];
		} else {
			intImg[j] = intImg[j-1] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[j];
		}
	}
	for ( i = 1; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //一般情况 SAT(x,y)=SAT(x-1,y)+SAT(x,y-1)-SAT(x-1,y-1)+I(x,y)
		for ( j = 1; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) {
			intImg[i*(srcImg->width) + j] =
				intImg[i*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] + intImg[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + j] - 
					intImg[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];
		}
	}
}

/**
 * 求-45度积分图
 *
 * @param srcImg 输入 原图
 * @param intImg 输出 -45度积分图 与原图同样大小
*/
void calLeft45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* intImg ) {
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	int* temp = (int*)malloc((srcImg->width + 1) * (srcImg->height) * sizeof(int));//创建 (宽+1)*高 临时数组
	for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //第0列补0，第1列是原图第0列 
		temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1)] = 0;
		temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + 1] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep)];
	}
	for ( j = 2; j < srcImg->width + 1; j++ ) { //从第2列开始 按列赋值
		for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) {
			if ( 0 == i ) { //该列首元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y+1)+I(x-1,y)+I(x,y)
				temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + j] = temp[(i+1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] +
					(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-2)] +
						(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-1)];
			} else if ( i == srcImg->height - 1 ) { //该列尾元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+I(x-1,y)+I(x,y)
				temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] +
					(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-2)] +
						(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-1)];
			} else { //该列中间元素 采用一般公式 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+RSAT(x-1,y+1)-RSAT(x-2,y)+I(x-1,y)+I(x,y)
				temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + j] =
					temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] + temp[(i+1)*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-1)] - 
						temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j-2)] + (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-2)] +
							(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[i*(srcImg->widthStep) + (j-1)];
			}
		}
	}

	for ( i = 0; i < srcImg->height; i++ ) { //复制temp数组除第0列以外的所有列给intImg数组  即为所求
		for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) {
			intImg[i*srcImg->width + j] = temp[i*(srcImg->width + 1) + (j+1)];
		}
	}
	free( temp ); //释放临时空间
}


/**
 * 求+45度积分图
 *
 * @param srcImg 输入 原图
 * @param intImg 输出 +45度积分图 与原图同样大小 注意初始不用为intImg申请空间
*/
void calUp45IntegralImage( IplImage* srcImg, int* &intImg ) { //特别注意 第二个参数传的是指针本身  并不是副本
	int i = 0, j = 0;
	int* temp = (int*)malloc((srcImg->width) * (srcImg->height + 1) * sizeof(int));//创建 宽*(高+1) 临时数组
	for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) { //第0行补0， 第1行为原图第0行
		temp[j] = 0;
		temp[srcImg->width + j] = (unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[j];
	}
	for ( i = 2; i < srcImg->height + 1; i++ ) { //从第2行开始 按行赋值
		for ( j = 0; j < srcImg->width; j++ ) {
			if ( 0 == j ) { //该行首元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x+1,y-1)+I(x,y-1)+I(x,y)
				temp[i*(srcImg->width) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j+1)] + 
					(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-2)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j] + 
						(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-1)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];
			} else if ( j == srcImg->width - 1 ) { //该行尾元素 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+I(x,y-1)+I(x,y)
				temp[i*(srcImg->width) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] + 
					(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-2)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j] + 
						(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-1)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];
			} else { //该行中间元素 采用一般公式 RSAT(x,y)=RSAT(x-1,y-1)+RSAT(x+1,y-1)-RSAT(x,y-2)+I(x,y-1)+I(x,y)
				temp[i*(srcImg->width) + j] = temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j-1)] + 
					temp[(i-1)*(srcImg->width) + (j+1)] - temp[(i-2)*(srcImg->width) + j] + 
							(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-2)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j] +
								(unsigned char)srcImg->imageData[(i-1)*(srcImg->widthStep) + j];
			}
		}
	}
	intImg = temp + srcImg->width; //不要第0行 intImg指针起点 指向第1行首元素 即为所求
}

2、执行结果