1.freeRTOS的数据类型定义(portmacro.h文件里)
解读:
1.变量名和函数名
2.宏定义
代码:
/*
* FreeRTOS Kernel V10.4.6
* Copyright (C) 2021 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
* this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
* the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
* use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
* the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
* subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
* copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
* COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
* IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
* CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*
* https://www.FreeRTOS.org
* https://github.com/FreeRTOS
*
*/
#ifndef PORTMACRO_H
#define PORTMACRO_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Port specific definitions.
*
* The settings in this file configure FreeRTOS correctly for the given hardware
* and compiler.
*
* These settings should not be altered.
*------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
#ifndef configENABLE_FPU
#error configENABLE_FPU must be defined in FreeRTOSConfig.h. Set configENABLE_FPU to 1 to enable the FPU or 0 to disable the FPU.
#endif /* configENABLE_FPU */
#ifndef configENABLE_MPU
#error configENABLE_MPU must be defined in FreeRTOSConfig.h. Set configENABLE_MPU to 1 to enable the MPU or 0 to disable the MPU.
#endif /* configENABLE_MPU */
#ifndef configENABLE_TRUSTZONE
#error configENABLE_TRUSTZONE must be defined in FreeRTOSConfig.h. Set configENABLE_TRUSTZONE to 1 to enable TrustZone or 0 to disable TrustZone.
#endif /* configENABLE_TRUSTZONE */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Type definitions.
*/
#define portCHAR char
#define portFLOAT float
#define portDOUBLE double
#define portLONG long
#define portSHORT short
#define portSTACK_TYPE uint32_t
#define portBASE_TYPE long
typedef portSTACK_TYPE StackType_t;
typedef long BaseType_t;
typedef unsigned long UBaseType_t;
#if ( configUSE_16_BIT_TICKS == 1 )
typedef uint16_t TickType_t;
#define portMAX_DELAY ( TickType_t ) 0xffff
#else
typedef uint32_t TickType_t;
#define portMAX_DELAY ( TickType_t ) 0xffffffffUL
/* 32-bit tick type on a 32-bit architecture, so reads of the tick count do
* not need to be guarded with a critical section. */
#define portTICK_TYPE_IS_ATOMIC 1
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* Architecture specifics.
*/
#define portARCH_NAME "Cortex-M23"
#define portSTACK_GROWTH ( -1 )
#define portTICK_PERIOD_MS ( ( TickType_t ) 1000 / configTICK_RATE_HZ )
#define portBYTE_ALIGNMENT 8
#define portNOP()
#define portINLINE __inline
#ifndef portFORCE_INLINE
#define portFORCE_INLINE inline __attribute__( ( always_inline ) )
#endif
#define portHAS_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECKING 1
#define portDONT_DISCARD __attribute__( ( used ) )
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Extern declarations.
*/
extern BaseType_t xPortIsInsideInterrupt( void );
extern void vPortYield( void ) /* PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION */;
extern void vPortEnterCritical( void ) /* PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION */;
extern void vPortExitCritical( void ) /* PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION */;
extern uint32_t ulSetInterruptMask( void ) /* __attribute__(( naked )) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION */;
extern void vClearInterruptMask( uint32_t ulMask ) /* __attribute__(( naked )) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION */;
#if ( configENABLE_TRUSTZONE == 1 )
extern void vPortAllocateSecureContext( uint32_t ulSecureStackSize ); /* __attribute__ (( naked )) */
extern void vPortFreeSecureContext( uint32_t * pulTCB ) /* __attribute__ (( naked )) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION */;
#endif /* configENABLE_TRUSTZONE */
#if ( configENABLE_MPU == 1 )
extern BaseType_t xIsPrivileged( void ) /* __attribute__ (( naked )) */;
extern void vResetPrivilege( void ) /* __attribute__ (( naked )) */;
#endif /* configENABLE_MPU */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief MPU specific constants.
*/
#if ( configENABLE_MPU == 1 )
#define portUSING_MPU_WRAPPERS 1
#define portPRIVILEGE_BIT ( 0x80000000UL )
#else
#define portPRIVILEGE_BIT ( 0x0UL )
#endif /* configENABLE_MPU */
/* MPU regions. */
#define portPRIVILEGED_FLASH_REGION ( 0UL )
#define portUNPRIVILEGED_FLASH_REGION ( 1UL )
#define portUNPRIVILEGED_SYSCALLS_REGION ( 2UL )
#define portPRIVILEGED_RAM_REGION ( 3UL )
#define portSTACK_REGION ( 4UL )
#define portFIRST_CONFIGURABLE_REGION ( 5UL )
#define portLAST_CONFIGURABLE_REGION ( 7UL )
#define portNUM_CONFIGURABLE_REGIONS ( ( portLAST_CONFIGURABLE_REGION - portFIRST_CONFIGURABLE_REGION ) + 1 )
#define portTOTAL_NUM_REGIONS ( portNUM_CONFIGURABLE_REGIONS + 1 ) /* Plus one to make space for the stack region. */
/* Device memory attributes used in MPU_MAIR registers.
*
* 8-bit values encoded as follows:
* Bit[7:4] - 0000 - Device Memory
* Bit[3:2] - 00 --> Device-nGnRnE
* 01 --> Device-nGnRE
* 10 --> Device-nGRE
* 11 --> Device-GRE
* Bit[1:0] - 00, Reserved.
*/
#define portMPU_DEVICE_MEMORY_nGnRnE ( 0x00 ) /* 0000 0000 */
#define portMPU_DEVICE_MEMORY_nGnRE ( 0x04 ) /* 0000 0100 */
#define portMPU_DEVICE_MEMORY_nGRE ( 0x08 ) /* 0000 1000 */
#define portMPU_DEVICE_MEMORY_GRE ( 0x0C ) /* 0000 1100 */
/* Normal memory attributes used in MPU_MAIR registers. */
#define portMPU_NORMAL_MEMORY_NON_CACHEABLE ( 0x44 ) /* Non-cacheable. */
#define portMPU_NORMAL_MEMORY_BUFFERABLE_CACHEABLE ( 0xFF ) /* Non-Transient, Write-back, Read-Allocate and Write-Allocate. */
/* Attributes used in MPU_RBAR registers. */
#define portMPU_REGION_NON_SHAREABLE ( 0UL << 3UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_INNER_SHAREABLE ( 1UL << 3UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_OUTER_SHAREABLE ( 2UL << 3UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_PRIVILEGED_READ_WRITE ( 0UL << 1UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_READ_WRITE ( 1UL << 1UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_PRIVILEGED_READ_ONLY ( 2UL << 1UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_READ_ONLY ( 3UL << 1UL )
#define portMPU_REGION_EXECUTE_NEVER ( 1UL )
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Settings to define an MPU region.
*/
typedef struct MPURegionSettings
{
uint32_t ulRBAR; /**< RBAR for the region. */
uint32_t ulRLAR; /**< RLAR for the region. */
} MPURegionSettings_t;
/**
* @brief MPU settings as stored in the TCB.
*/
typedef struct MPU_SETTINGS
{
uint32_t ulMAIR0; /**< MAIR0 for the task containing attributes for all the 4 per task regions. */
MPURegionSettings_t xRegionsSettings[ portTOTAL_NUM_REGIONS ]; /**< Settings for 4 per task regions. */
} xMPU_SETTINGS;
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief SVC numbers.
*/
#define portSVC_ALLOCATE_SECURE_CONTEXT 0
#define portSVC_FREE_SECURE_CONTEXT 1
#define portSVC_START_SCHEDULER 2
#define portSVC_RAISE_PRIVILEGE 3
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Scheduler utilities.
*/
#define portYIELD() vPortYield()
#define portNVIC_INT_CTRL_REG ( *( ( volatile uint32_t * ) 0xe000ed04 ) )
#define portNVIC_PENDSVSET_BIT ( 1UL << 28UL )
#define portEND_SWITCHING_ISR( xSwitchRequired ) do { if( xSwitchRequired ) portNVIC_INT_CTRL_REG = portNVIC_PENDSVSET_BIT; } while( 0 )
#define portYIELD_FROM_ISR( x ) portEND_SWITCHING_ISR( x )
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Critical section management.
*/
#define portSET_INTERRUPT_MASK_FROM_ISR() ulSetInterruptMask()
#define portCLEAR_INTERRUPT_MASK_FROM_ISR( x ) vClearInterruptMask( x )
#define portDISABLE_INTERRUPTS() __asm volatile ( " cpsid i " ::: "memory" )
#define portENABLE_INTERRUPTS() __asm volatile ( " cpsie i " ::: "memory" )
#define portENTER_CRITICAL() vPortEnterCritical()
#define portEXIT_CRITICAL() vPortExitCritical()
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Tickless idle/low power functionality.
*/
#ifndef portSUPPRESS_TICKS_AND_SLEEP
extern void vPortSuppressTicksAndSleep( TickType_t xExpectedIdleTime );
#define portSUPPRESS_TICKS_AND_SLEEP( xExpectedIdleTime ) vPortSuppressTicksAndSleep( xExpectedIdleTime )
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Task function macros as described on the FreeRTOS.org WEB site.
*/
#define portTASK_FUNCTION_PROTO( vFunction, pvParameters ) void vFunction( void * pvParameters )
#define portTASK_FUNCTION( vFunction, pvParameters ) void vFunction( void * pvParameters )
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
#if ( configENABLE_TRUSTZONE == 1 )
/**
* @brief Allocate a secure context for the task.
*
* Tasks are not created with a secure context. Any task that is going to call
* secure functions must call portALLOCATE_SECURE_CONTEXT() to allocate itself a
* secure context before it calls any secure function.
*
* @param[in] ulSecureStackSize The size of the secure stack to be allocated.
*/
#define portALLOCATE_SECURE_CONTEXT( ulSecureStackSize ) vPortAllocateSecureContext( ulSecureStackSize )
/**
* @brief Called when a task is deleted to delete the task's secure context,
* if it has one.
*
* @param[in] pxTCB The TCB of the task being deleted.
*/
#define portCLEAN_UP_TCB( pxTCB ) vPortFreeSecureContext( ( uint32_t * ) pxTCB )
#endif /* configENABLE_TRUSTZONE */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
#if ( configENABLE_MPU == 1 )
/**
* @brief Checks whether or not the processor is privileged.
*
* @return 1 if the processor is already privileged, 0 otherwise.
*/
#define portIS_PRIVILEGED() xIsPrivileged()
/**
* @brief Raise an SVC request to raise privilege.
*
* The SVC handler checks that the SVC was raised from a system call and only
* then it raises the privilege. If this is called from any other place,
* the privilege is not raised.
*/
#define portRAISE_PRIVILEGE() __asm volatile ( "svc %0 \n" ::"i" ( portSVC_RAISE_PRIVILEGE ) : "memory" );
/**
* @brief Lowers the privilege level by setting the bit 0 of the CONTROL
* register.
*/
#define portRESET_PRIVILEGE() vResetPrivilege()
#else
#define portIS_PRIVILEGED()
#define portRAISE_PRIVILEGE()
#define portRESET_PRIVILEGE()
#endif /* configENABLE_MPU */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
* @brief Barriers.
*/
#define portMEMORY_BARRIER() __asm volatile ( "" ::: "memory" )
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* PORTMACRO_H */
2.FreeRTOS 定时器(stm32f103)-TIM3_Int_Init(10000-1,7200-1)的解释
FreeRTOS 定时器(stm32f103)
解释:TIM3_Int_Init(10000-1,7200-1); //初始化定时器 3,定时器周期 1S
TIM5_Int_Init(10000-1,7200-1); //初始化定时器 5,定时器周期 1S
解释:
TIM3_Int_Init(10000-1,7200-1)这一句是1s进入一次的中断。正点原子的中断代码,7200是分频系数,10000是预装载值。我们使用的是TIM3.根据时钟树,可以知道TIM3挂载在APB1下,APB1的时钟频率是=36MHZ,但是因为我们分频系数不等于1,所以TIM3的时钟为APB1的频率*2=72MHZ。
TIM3_Int_Init(9999,7199)
参数1:9999,溢出值(从0开始)
参数2:7199,分频值(从0开始)
72MHz÷7200=10KHz=0.1ms,每0.1ms记一次数,计数到10000为1000ms=1s,即每1s进一次中断。
3.freertos任务(Task)
优先级数字越低表示任务的优先级越低,0 的优先级最低,configMAX_PRIORITIES-1 的优
先级最高。空闲任务的优先级最低,为 0。
4.FreeRTOS移植以及任务
FreeRTOS移植
1.在sys.h中需要把SYSTEM_SUPPORT_OS 改为 1,支持我们使用 FreeRTOS
//0,不支持 os
//1,支持 os
#define SYSTEM_SUPPORT_OS 1 //定义系统文件夹是否支持 OS
2.出现报错
..\SYSTEM\usart\usart.c(6): error: #5: cannot open source input file "includes.h": No such file or directory
即需要修改usart.c 文件:
默认是添加的 UCOS 中的 includes.h 头文件,修改以后如下:
//如果使用 os,则包括下面的头文件即可.
#if SYSTEM_SUPPORT_OS
#include "FreeRTOS.h" //os 使用
#endif
3.delay.c函数需要大改
reeRTOS 的系统时钟是由滴答定时器提供的,需要根据FreeRTOS的系统节拍来初始化滴答定时器,delay_init()就是来完成这个功能的。
FreeRTOS 的系统时钟节拍由宏 configTICK_RATE_HZ 来设置,这个值我们可以自由设置,但是一旦设置好以后我们就要根据这个值来初始化滴答定时器,其实就是设置滴答定时器的中断周期。在基础例程中滴答定时器的时钟频率设置的是 AHB 的 1/8,这里为了兼容 FreeRTOS 将滴答定时器的时钟频率改为了 AHB,也就是 72MHz!这一点一定要注意!
完整delay.c文件
#include "delay.h"
//
//如果需要使用OS,则包括下面的头文件即可.
#if SYSTEM_SUPPORT_OS
#include "FreeRTOS.h" //ucos 使用
#include "task.h" //文件在FreeRTOS\include
#endif
static u8 fac_us=0; //us延时倍乘数
static u16 fac_ms=0; //ms延时倍乘数,在ucos下,代表每个节拍的ms数
extern void xPortSysTickHandler(void);
//systick中断服务函数,使用ucos时用到
void SysTick_Handler(void)
{
if(xTaskGetSchedulerState()!=taskSCHEDULER_NOT_STARTED)
{
xPortSysTickHandler();
}
}
//初始化延迟函数
//SYSTICK的时钟固定为AHB时钟,基础例程里面SYSTICK时钟频率为AHB/8
//这里为了兼容FreeRTOS,所以将SYSTICK的时钟频率改为AHB的频率!
//SYSCLK:系统时钟频率
void delay_init()
{
u32 reload;
SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(SysTick_CLKSource_HCLK);//选择外部时钟 HCLK
fac_us=SystemCoreClock/1000000; //不论是否使用OS,fac_us都需要使用
reload=SystemCoreClock/1000000; //每秒钟的计数次数 单位为M
reload*=1000000/configTICK_RATE_HZ; //根据configTICK_RATE_HZ设定溢出时间
//reload为24位寄存器,最大值:16777216,在72M下,约合0.233s左右
fac_ms=1000/configTICK_RATE_HZ; //代表OS可以延时的最少单位
SysTick->CTRL|=SysTick_CTRL_TICKINT_Msk; //开启SYSTICK中断
SysTick->LOAD=reload; //每1/configTICK_RATE_HZ秒中断一次
SysTick->CTRL|=SysTick_CTRL_ENABLE_Msk; //开启SYSTICK
}
//延时nus
//nus:要延时的us数.
//nus:0~204522252(最大值即2^32/fac_us@fac_us=168)
void delay_us(u32 nus)
{
u32 ticks;
u32 told,tnow,tcnt=0;
u32 reload=SysTick->LOAD; //LOAD的值
ticks=nus*fac_us; //需要的节拍数
told=SysTick->VAL; //刚进入时的计数器值
while(1)
{
tnow=SysTick->VAL;
if(tnow!=told)
{
if(tnow<told)tcnt+=told-tnow; //这里注意一下SYSTICK是一个递减的计数器就可以了.
else tcnt+=reload-tnow+told;
told=tnow;
if(tcnt>=ticks)break; //时间超过/等于要延迟的时间,则退出.
}
};
}
//延时nms
//nms:要延时的ms数
//nms:0~65535
void delay_ms(u32 nms)
{
if(xTaskGetSchedulerState()!=taskSCHEDULER_NOT_STARTED)//系统已经运行
{
if(nms>=fac_ms) //延时的时间大于OS的最少时间周期
{
vTaskDelay(nms/fac_ms); //FreeRTOS延时
}
nms%=fac_ms; //OS已经无法提供这么小的延时了,采用普通方式延时
}
delay_us((u32)(nms*1000)); //普通方式延时
}
## FreeRTOS任务
//延时nms,不会引起任务调度
//nms:要延时的ms数
void delay_xms(u32 nms)
{
u32 i;
for(i=0;i<nms;i++) delay_us(1000);
}
任务句柄: * TaskHandle_t
struct tskTaskControlBlock; /* The old naming convention is used to prevent breaking kernel aware debuggers. */
typedef struct tskTaskControlBlock * TaskHandle_t;
```
最终要溯源到 tskTaskControlBlock, tskTaskControlBlock是一个任务句柄结构体,在tasks.c文件中
```c
ypedef struct tskTaskControlBlock /* The old naming convention is used to prevent breaking kernel aware debuggers. */
{
volatile StackType_t * pxTopOfStack; /*< Points to the location of the last item placed on the tasks stack. THIS MUST BE THE FIRST MEMBER OF THE TCB STRUCT. */
#if ( portUSING_MPU_WRAPPERS == 1 )
xMPU_SETTINGS xMPUSettings; /*< The MPU settings are defined as part of the port layer. THIS MUST BE THE SECOND MEMBER OF THE TCB STRUCT. */
#endif
ListItem_t xStateListItem; /*< The list that the state list item of a task is reference from denotes the state of that task (Ready, Blocked, Suspended ). */
ListItem_t xEventListItem; /*< Used to reference a task from an event list. */
UBaseType_t uxPriority; /*< The priority of the task. 0 is the lowest priority. */
StackType_t * pxStack; /*< Points to the start of the stack. */
char pcTaskName[ configMAX_TASK_NAME_LEN ]; /*< Descriptive name given to the task when created. Facilitates debugging only. */ /*lint !e971 Unqualified char types are allowed for strings and single characters only. */
#if ( ( portSTACK_GROWTH > 0 ) || ( configRECORD_STACK_HIGH_ADDRESS == 1 ) )
StackType_t * pxEndOfStack; /*< Points to the highest valid address for the stack. */
#endif
#if ( portCRITICAL_NESTING_IN_TCB == 1 )
UBaseType_t uxCriticalNesting; /*< Holds the critical section nesting depth for ports that do not maintain their own count in the port layer. */
#endif
#if ( configUSE_TRACE_FACILITY == 1 )
UBaseType_t uxTCBNumber; /*< Stores a number that increments each time a TCB is created. It allows debuggers to determine when a task has been deleted and then recreated. */
UBaseType_t uxTaskNumber; /*< Stores a number specifically for use by third party trace code. */
#endif
#if ( configUSE_MUTEXES == 1 )
UBaseType_t uxBasePriority; /*< The priority last assigned to the task - used by the priority inheritance mechanism. */
UBaseType_t uxMutexesHeld;
#endif
#if ( configUSE_APPLICATION_TASK_TAG == 1 )
TaskHookFunction_t pxTaskTag;
#endif
#if ( configNUM_THREAD_LOCAL_STORAGE_POINTERS > 0 )
void * pvThreadLocalStoragePointers[ configNUM_THREAD_LOCAL_STORAGE_POINTERS ];
#endif
#if ( configGENERATE_RUN_TIME_STATS == 1 )
configRUN_TIME_COUNTER_TYPE ulRunTimeCounter; /*< Stores the amount of time the task has spent in the Running state. */
#endif
#if ( configUSE_NEWLIB_REENTRANT == 1 )
/* Allocate a Newlib reent structure that is specific to this task.
* Note Newlib support has been included by popular demand, but is not
* used by the FreeRTOS maintainers themselves. FreeRTOS is not
* responsible for resulting newlib operation. User must be familiar with
* newlib and must provide system-wide implementations of the necessary
* stubs. Be warned that (at the time of writing) the current newlib design
* implements a system-wide malloc() that must be provided with locks.
*
* See the third party link http://www.nadler.com/embedded/newlibAndFreeRTOS.html
* for additional information. */
struct _reent xNewLib_reent;
#endif
#if ( configUSE_TASK_NOTIFICATIONS == 1 )
volatile uint32_t ulNotifiedValue[ configTASK_NOTIFICATION_ARRAY_ENTRIES ];
volatile uint8_t ucNotifyState[ configTASK_NOTIFICATION_ARRAY_ENTRIES ];
#endif
/* See the comments in FreeRTOS.h with the definition of
* tskSTATIC_AND_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION_POSSIBLE. */
#if ( tskSTATIC_AND_DYNAMIC_ALLOCATION_POSSIBLE != 0 ) /*lint !e731 !e9029 Macro has been consolidated for readability reasons. */
uint8_t ucStaticallyAllocated; /*< Set to pdTRUE if the task is a statically allocated to ensure no attempt is made to free the memory. */
#endif
#if ( INCLUDE_xTaskAbortDelay == 1 )
uint8_t ucDelayAborted;
#endif
#if ( configUSE_POSIX_ERRNO == 1 )
int iTaskErrno;
#endif
} tskTCB;
xTaskCreate()函数的参数:
BaseType_t xTaskCreate( TaskFunction_t pxTaskCode,
const char * const pcName, /*lint !e971 Unqualified char types are allowed for strings and single characters only. */
const configSTACK_DEPTH_TYPE usStackDepth,
void * const pvParameters,
UBaseType_t uxPriority,
TaskHandle_t * const pxCreatedTask )