At regular competition Vladik and Valera won a and b candies respectively. Vladik offered 1 his candy to Valera. After that Valera gave Vladik 2 his candies, so that no one thought that he was le

Walking through the streets of Marshmallow City, Slastyona have spotted some merchants selling a kind of useless toy which is very popular nowadays – caramel spinner! Wanting to join the craze, she ha

It's the end of July – the time when a festive evening is held at Jelly Castle! Guests from all over the kingdom gather here to discuss new trends in the world of confectionery. Yet some of the things

Vladik had started reading a complicated book about algorithms containing n pages. To improve understanding of what is written, his friends advised him to read pages in some order given by permutati

Bessie asked her friend what day of the week she was born on. She knew that she was born on 2003 May 25, but didn't know what day it was. Write a program to help. Note that no cow was born earlier tha

The cows don't use actual bowling balls when they go bowling. They each take a number (in the range 0..99), though, and line up in a standard bowling-pin-like triangle like this: 7

Farmer John purchased satellite photos of W x H pixels of his farm (1 <= W <= 80, 1 <= H <= 1000) and wishes to determine the largest 'contiguous' (connected) pasture. Pastures are contiguous when any

To improve the organization of his farm, Farmer John labels each of his N (1 <= N <= 5,000) cows with a distinct serial number in the range 1..20,000. Unfortunately, he is unaware that the cows interp

Description Bessie is in Camelot and has encountered a sticky situation: she needs to pass through the forest that is guarded by the Knights of Ni. In order to pass through safely, the Knights have d