tensorflow学习（3）

莫凡2017tensorflow（使用更简便版）https://github.com/MorvanZhou/Tensorflow-Tutorial

17.分类学习

https://morvanzhou.github.io/tutorials/machine-learning/tensorflow/5-01-classifier/

之前的是使用TensorFlow解决Regression (回归)问题。这次我们会介绍如何使用TensorFlow解决Classification（分类）问题。

MNIST库是手写体数字库，数据中包含55000张训练图片，每张图片的分辨率是28×28，所以我们的训练网络输入应该是28×28=784个像素数据。调用add_layer函数搭建一个最简单的训练网络结构，只有输入层和输出层，其中输入数据是784个特征，输出数据是10个特征（0到9），激励采用softmax函数https://blog.csdn.net/bitcarmanlee/article/details/82320853。

loss函数（即最优化目标函数）选用交叉熵函数Cross entropy loss。交叉熵用来衡量预测值和真实值的相似程度，如果完全相同，它们的交叉熵等于零。train方法（最优化算法）采用梯度下降法。

数据训练时每次只取100张图片，免得数据太多训练太慢，每训练50次输出一下预测精度。

 

"""
Please note, this code is only for python 3+. If you are using python 2+, please modify the code accordingly.
"""
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
# number 1 to 10 data
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data', one_hot=True)

def add_layer(inputs, in_size, out_size, activation_function=None,):
    # add one more layer and return the output of this layer
    Weights = tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([in_size, out_size]))
    biases = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1, out_size]) + 0.1,)
    Wx_plus_b = tf.matmul(inputs, Weights) + biases
    if activation_function is None:
        outputs = Wx_plus_b
    else:
        outputs = activation_function(Wx_plus_b,)
    return outputs

def compute_accuracy(v_xs, v_ys):
    global prediction
    y_pre = sess.run(prediction, feed_dict={xs: v_xs})
    correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(y_pre,1), tf.argmax(v_ys,1))
    accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction, tf.float32))
    result = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={xs: v_xs, ys: v_ys})
    return result

# define placeholder for inputs to network
xs = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 784]) # 28x28
ys = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 10])

# add output layer
prediction = add_layer(xs, 784, 10,  activation_function=tf.nn.softmax)

# the error between prediction and real data
cross_entropy = tf.reduce_mean(-tf.reduce_sum(ys * tf.log(prediction),
                                              reduction_indices=[1]))       # loss
train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5).minimize(cross_ent