Linux Centos7服务器环境搭建

Linux Centos7服务器环境搭建

一、流程简介

1.安装java运行环境

2.安装并配置数据库mysql

3.安装缓存数据库Redis

4.安装并配置tomcat

5.安装并配置zookeeper

6.安装并配置nginx

7.防火墙设置及端口开放

 

二、环境搭建过程

1.安装java运行环境

//查看CentOS是否自带安装了JDK
[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep java

//如有安装，版本不对则自行卸载

//查看yum库中的Java安装包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y list java*

//这里安装yum库中java-1.8.0, "*"匹配java-1.8.0-openjdk的所有相关程序
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk*

//查看java版本
[root@localhost ~]# java -version

2.安装并配置数据库mysql

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -V

  启动mysql服务：

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start

  设置mysql：

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
//直接能够进入mysql
mysql> use mysql;
//设置root用户密码
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user = 'root';
//远程连接授权
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'WITH GRANT OPTION
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit

//之后需要使用配置的用户密码才能进入mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
//输入上面配置的密码123456，回车进入mysql

3.安装缓存数据库Redis

//cd usr/share目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share

//下载Redis安装包
[root@localhost share]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.12.tar.gz

//解压安装包
[root@localhost share]# tar -zxvf redis-3.2.12.tar.gz

//创建一个安装目录redis
[root@localhost share]# mkdir redis

//进入解压目录
[root@localhost share]# cd redis-3.2.12

//编译redis
[root@localhost redis-3.2.12]# make
[root@localhost redis-3.2.12]# make install PREFIX=/usr/share/redis
// 若执行以上命令时出现gcc错误，如果是没安装则执行 yum install gcc-c++ 
// 也有可能tcl错误则执行 yum install tcl

//拷贝conf到安装bin目录下
[root@localhost redis-3.2.12]# cp /usr/share/redis-3.2.12/redis.conf /usr/share/redis/bin
[root@localhost redis-3.2.12]# cd /usr/share/redis/bin
[root@localhost bin]# vim redis.conf
    //修改内容
    {
        bind 0.0.0.0
        daemonize yes
    }

//静默启动redis
[root@localhost bin]# ./redis-server redis.conf

//redis-cli 测试
[root@localhost bin]# ./redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 value1
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
127.0.0.1:6379> del key1
127.0.0.1:6379> quit

4.安装并配置tomcat

//cd usr/share目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share

//下载tomcat8.5.34安装包
[root@localhost share]# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.34/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.34.tar.gz

//解压安装包
[root@localhost share]# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.34.tar.gz
[root@localhost share]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.34 tomcat

//配置tomcat
[root@localhost share]# cd tomcat
[root@localhost tomcat]# vim conf/server.xml
    //如需要可修改监听端口，路径映射等配置项,如配置了路径映射要确保docBase路径存在，否则启动tomcat虽然成功，但是其实服务并没有开启
    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443"
               useBodyEncodingForURI="true" 
               URIEncoding="UTF-8" />
    
    <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Context path="/upload" docBase="/upload" reloadable="true" debug="0" />
    </Host>

//配置manager，热部署项目时可用
[root@localhost tomcat]# vim webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
//修改为allow="127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1|\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+"

//启动tomcat服务
[root@localhost tomcat]# bin/startup.sh

5.安装并配置zookeeper

//cd usr/share目录
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share

//下载tomcat8.5.34安装包
[root@localhost share]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.13/zookeeper-3.4.13.tar.gz

//解压安装包
[root@localhost share]# tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.13.tar.gz
[root@localhost share]# mv zookeeper-3.4.13 zookeeper

[root@localhost share]# cd zookeeper
[root@localhost zookeeper]# mkdir data

//配置zookeeper
[root@localhost zookeeper]# cp conf/zoo_sample.cfg conf/zoo.cfg
[root@localhost zookeeper]# vim conf/zoo.cfg
    //修改为 dataDir=/data

//启动zookeeper服务
[root@localhost zookeeper]# bin/zkServer.sh start

6.安装并配置nginx

//查看是否已经添加源成功
[root@localhost ~]# yum search nginx

//添加源
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

//安装nginx
[root@localhost ~]# yum install nginx

[root@localhost ~]# nginx -V

配置nginx
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    //如需设置代理，根据自己需求修改内容
    http {
        upstream test_server{
            server 127.0.0.1:8080;
        }
        
        server {
            listen         80;
            server_name    localhost
            
            include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

            location / {
                proxy_pass https://test_server;
                proxy_set_header Host $host;
            }
        }
    }

//修改了配置文件后刷新，可不重启nginx
[root@localhost ~]# usr/sbin/nginx -s reload

//启动Nginx并设置开机自动运行
[root@localhost ~]#	systemctl start nginx.service
[root@localhost ~]#	systemctl enable nginx.service

  如要单机配置redis集群则需再做如下步骤(否则略过，直接进入流程7)

//安装redis集群的环境
//centos安装最新ruby
[root@localhost ~]# yum install centos-release-scl-rh
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install rh-ruby25
//至关重要一步
[root@localhost ~]# scl enable rh-ruby25 bash
//查看ruby安装版本
[root@localhost ~]# ruby -v
//查看rubygems版本
[root@localhost ~]# gem -v
//更新rubygems
[root@localhost ~]# gem update --system
//安装redis集群相关依赖
[root@localhost ~]# gem install redis

//创建集群
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share
[root@localhost share]# mkdir redis-cluster
[root@localhost share]# cp -r redis redis-cluster/redis7001
[root@localhost share]# cp -r redis redis-cluster/redis7002
[root@localhost share]# cp -r redis redis-cluster/redis7003

//配置redis-cluster中的每个redis.conf，以7001为例
[root@localhost share]# vim redis-cluster/redis7001/bin/redis.conf
//修改内容
    {
        port=7001
        cluster-enabled yes
    }

//编写简单批处理
[root@localhost share]# vim redis-cluster/redis_cluster_start.sh
//内容如下
{
    cd /usr/share/redis-cluster/redis7001/bin
    ./redis-server redis.conf

    cd /usr/share/redis-cluster/redis7002/bin
    ./redis-server redis.conf

    cd /usr/share/redis-cluster/redis7003/bin
    ./redis-server redis.conf
}

//启动集群
[root@localhost share]# redis-cluster/redis_cluster_start.sh

//集群槽创建分配
[root@localhost share]# cp redis-3.2.12/src/redis-trib.rb redis-cluster
[root@localhost share]# redis-cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003
//此过程弹出输入提示，应输入 yes 而不能是 y（小坑容易踩）

//可尝试使用 redis-cli 连接集群 redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 7001 -c //-c表示连接集群

//检查节点
[root@localhost share]# redis-cluster/redis-trib.rb check 127.0.0.1:7001

 

7.防火墙设置及端口开放（如果阿里云服务器则记得在安全组策略中添加相应端口，否则嘿嘿，你懂的）

//80：http默认缺省端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent

//8080：tomcat 默认端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent

//3306：mysql默认端口（调试可开启，项目发布后关闭）
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

//6379：redis默认端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=6379/tcp --permanent

//2181：zookeeper默认端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=2181/tcp --permanent

//20880：dubbo连接默认端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=20880/tcp --permanent

//刷新
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

//取消开放某端口（修改完记得刷新生效）
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=3306/tcp --permanent

备注：以上命令纯粹手写，有误之处，请辨别更正，最好告知我，以免后面人踩坑。