UDP通信的实现过程
socket接口拓展:详可见网络编程笔记
//函数原型:
ssize_t send(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags); //发数据
ssize_t recv(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags); //收数据
//前三个参数同read/write一样;
ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
ssize_t recvfrom(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t len, int flags,
struct sockaddr *src_addr, socklen_t *addrlen);
ssize_t sendto(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags,
const struct sockaddr *dest_addr, socklen_t addrlen);
write/read到send/recv
常见flags:
1. 一般设置为0
2. MSG_PEEK:窥视传入的数据。 数据被复制到缓冲区中,但不会从输入队列中删除。
3. MSG_OOB:处理带外(OOB)数据。(带外数据是TCP内容)
sendto与recvfrom:
1. 前四个参数同recv/send一样;
2. 后两个参数是通信结构体和结构体的宽度;
示例代码:S端:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc,char *argv[]){
int fd;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
char buf[BUFSIZ] = {};
if(argc < 3){
fprintf(stderr, "%s<addr><port>\n", argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//创建套接字
if((fd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0))<0){
perror("socket");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//设置通信结构体
bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
if(inet_aton(argv[1], &addr.sin_addr) == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid address\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//绑定通信结构体
if(bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr) ) == -1){
perror("bind");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//循环读数据
while(1){
bzero(buf, BUFSIZ);
recvfrom(fd, buf, BUFSIZ, 0, NULL, NULL); //接收
printf("buf=%s\n", buf);
}
close(fd);//关掉套接字
return 0;
}
C端:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int fd;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
char buf[BUFSIZ] = {};
socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(addr);
if(argc < 3){
fprintf(stderr, "%s<addr><port>\n", argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(fd < 0){
perror("socket");
exit(0);
}
bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr) );
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_port = htons( atoi(argv[2]) );
if(inet_aton(argv[1], &addr.sin_addr) == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid address\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
while(1){
bzero(buf, BUFSIZ);
printf("Input->");
fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, stdin);
sendto(fd, buf, strlen(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, addrlen);
}
close(fd);
return 0;
}