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正文
import sys
from time import sleep
import pygame
from settings import Settings
from game_starts import GameStats
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
from bullet import Bullet
from aileen import Aileen
class AileenInvasion:
“”“Overall class to manage game assets and behavior.整体类来管理游戏资产和行为”“”
def init(self):#初始化
“”“Initialize the game, and create game resources.”“”
pygame.init()
self.settings = Settings()
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0,0),pygame.FULLSCREEN)
self.settings.screen_width = self.screen.get_rect().width
self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
(self.settings.screen_width,self.settings.screen_height))
#类中变量前有self,说明该变量绑定在当前实例化本身
pygame.display.set_caption(“Aileen Invasion”)
Creation an instance to store game statistics.
self.stats = GameStats(self)
Create an instance to store game statics,
and create a scoreboard.
self.sb = Scoreboard(self)
self.ship = Ship(self)
self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()#Group可以批量使用的函数
self.aileens = pygame.sprite.Group()
self._create_fleet()
#Make the play button.
self.play_button = Button(self,“Play”)
self.bg_color =(0,0,225) #代表红 绿 蓝 三颜色
def _create_fleet(self):
“”“Create the fleet of aileens.”“”
#Make a aileen
aileen = Aileen(self)
self.aileens.add(aileen)
#set the background color.
def run_game(self): #功能:1监听事件,2处理事件,3更新屏幕事件
“”“Start the main loop for the game.”“”
while True:
1监听事件函数–监听和处理用户的行为
self._check_events()#将监听事件(封装)外包给这个函数,减轻run_game的工作量—这个过程叫重构(refactory)
if self.stats.game_active:
2处理事件函数
self.ship.update()
#更新子弹
self._update_bullets()
self._update_aileens()
3 屏幕更新函数
self._update_screen()
def _update_bullets(self):
self.bullets.update()
if not self.aileens:
Destory existing bullets and create new fleet
self.bullets.empty()
self._create_fleet()
Get rid of the bullets that have disappeared.
for bullet in self.bullets.copy():
if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
self.bullets.remove(bullet)
self._check_bullet_aileen_collisions()
def _check_bullet_aileen_collisions(self):
“”“Respond to bullet-aileen collisions.”“”
“”" Remove any bullets and aileens that have collided “”"
#👇
collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(
self.bullets, self.aileens,True,True)
if collisions: #collision是字典类型变量
for aileens in collisions.values():
self.stats.score += self.settings.aileen_points #* len(aileens)
for aileens in collisions.values():
self.stats.score += self.settings.aileen_points * len(aileens)
self.sb.prep_score()
self.sb.check_high_score()
self.sb.prep_high_score()
if not self.aileens:
Destory existing bullets and create new fleet.
self.bullets.empty()
self._create_fleet()
self.settings.increase_speed()
Increase level
self.stats.level += 1
self.sb.prep_level()
print(len(self.bullets))
Watch for keyboard and mouse events. 监听用户在做什么操作–这里设置游戏菜单栏
def _check_events(self): #
#–snip–
“”“Respond to keypress and mouse events”“”
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
self._check_keydown_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
self._check_keyup_events(event)
elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
self._check_play_button(mouse_pos)
def _check_play_button(self,mouse_pos):
“”“Start a new game when the player clicks Play.”“”
button_clicked = self.play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos)
if button_clicked and not self.stats.game_active:
Hide the mouse cursor.
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
Reset the game statistics.
self.stats.reset_stats()
self.stats.game_active = True
确保分数清0
self.sb.prep_score()
self.sb.prep_level()
self.sb.prep_ships()
Get rid of any remaining aileens and bullets.
self.aileens.empty()
self.bullets.empty()
#Create A new fleet and center the ship.
self._create_fleet()
self.ship.center_ship()
#Reset the game settings.
self.settings.initialize_dynamic_settings()
pygame.mixer.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load(“music/香香 - 猪之歌.mp3”)
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(2)
pygame.mixer.music.play()
def _check_keydown_events(self,event):
“”“Respond to keypress”“”
#判断右键
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
#处理右键
self.ship.moving_right = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.ship.moving_left = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
self.ship.moving_up = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
self.ship.moving_down = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_q:#按q键退出游戏
sys.exit()
elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
self._fire_bullet()
def _check_keyup_events(self,event):
“”“Respond to key release.”“”
if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
self.ship.moving_right = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
self.ship.moving_left = False
Move the ship to the right.
self.ship.rect.x += 1
elif event.key == pygame.K_m:
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0, 0), pygame.FULLSCREEN)
self.settings.screen_width =self.screen.get_rect().width
self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height
self.ship = Ship(self)
self.aliens = pygame.sprite.Group()
self._create_fleet()
elif event.key == pygame.K_n:
self.settings = Settings()
self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((self.settings.screen_width, self.settings.screen_height))
self.ship = Ship(self)
self.aliens = pygame.sprite.Group()
self._create_fleet()
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
self.ship.moving_up = False
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
self.ship.moving_down = False
def _fire_bullet(self):
“”“create a new bullet and add it to the bullets group.”“”
if len(self.bullets) < self.settings.bullets_allowed:
new_bullet = Bullet(self)
self.bullets.add(new_bullet)
def _create_fleet(self):#self传的也是ai
“”“Create the fleet of aileens.”“”
#Create an aileen and find the number of aileens in a row
#Spacing between each aileen is equal to one aileen width.
aileen = Aileen(self)
aileen_width, aileen_height = aileen.rect.size
available_space_x = self.settings.screen_width - (2 * aileen_width)
print(available_space_x)
print(self.settings.screen_width)
print(2 * aileen_width)
number_aileen_x = available_space_x // (2 * aileen_width)
Determine the number of rows of aileens that fit on the screen.
ship_height =self.ship.rect.height
available_space_y = (self.settings.screen_height -
(3 * aileen_height) - ship_height)
number_rows = available_space_y // (2 * aileen_height)
#Create the first row of aileens.
for row_number in range(number_rows):
for aileen_number in range(number_aileen_x):
self._create_aileen(aileen_number, row_number)
def _create_aileen(self,aileen_number, row_number):
Create an aileen and place it in row.
Make a aileen
aileen = Aileen(self)
aileen_width, aileen_height =aileen.rect.size
aileen.x = aileen_width + 2 * aileen_width * aileen_number
aileen.rect.x = aileen.x
aileen.rect.y = aileen.rect.height + 2 * aileen.rect.height * row_number
self.aileens.add(aileen)
def _check_aileens_bottom(self):
“”“Check if any aileens have reached the bottom of the screen.”“”
screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
for aileen in self.aileens.sprites():
if aileen.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom:
#Treat this the same as if the ship got hit.
self._ship_hit()
break
Redraw the screen during each pass through the loop. 更新画布颜色
def _update_aileens(self):
“”"
Check if the fleet is at an edge,
then update the positions of all aliens in the fleet.
“”"
self._check_fleet_edges()
“”“Update the positions of all aileens in the fleet.”“”
self.aileens.update()
Look for aileen-ship collisions.
if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.ship, self.aileens):
self._ship_hit()
print(“Ship hit!!!”)
Look for aileens hitting the bottom of the screen
self._check_aileens_bottom()
def _check_fleet_edges(self):
“”“Respond appropriately if any aileens have reached an edge.”“”
for aileen in self.aileens.sprites():
if aileen.check_edges():
self._change_fleet_direction()
break
def _change_fleet_direction(self):
“”“Drop the entire fleet and change the fleet’s direction.”“”
for aileen in self.aileens.sprites():
aileen.rect.y += self.settings.fleet_drop_speed
self.settings.fleet_direction *= -1
def _ship_hit(self):
“”“Respond to the ship being hit by an allien”“”
if self.stats.ships_left > 0:
Decrement ships_left.and update scoreboard
self.stats.ships_left -= 1
self.sb.prep_ships()
Get rid of any remaining aileens and bullets.
self.aileens.empty()
self.bullets.empty()
Create a new fleet and center the ship.
self._create_fleet()
self.ship.center_ship()
Pause
sleep(0.5)
else:
self.stats.game_active = False
pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
def _update_screen(self):
“”“Update images on the screen , and flip to the new screen”“”
self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)
self.ship.blitme()
for bullet in self.bullets.sprites():
bullet.draw_bullet()
self.aileens.draw(self.screen)
#Draw the score information.
self.sb.show_score()
Draw the play button if the games is inactive.
if not self.stats.game_active:
self.play_button.draw_button()
self.bullets.draw(self.screen)
pygame.display.flip()
def check_high_score(self):
“”“Check to see if there’s a new high score.”“”
if self.stats.score > self.stats.high_score:
self.stats.high_score = self.stats.score
self.prep_high_score()
if name == ‘main’:
Make a game instance , and run the game.
ai = AileenInvasion()#游戏本身的实例化,ai就是那个AileenInvasion
ai.run_game()
创建外星人aileen的文件
import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Aileen(Sprite):
“”“A class to represent a single alien in the fleet”“”def __init__(self,ai_game): """Initilize the aileen and set its starting position.""" super().__init__() self.screen = ai_game.screen self.settings = ai_game.settings # Load the aileen image and set its rect attribute. self.image = pygame.image.load("images/aileen.png") self.rect = self.image.get_rect() # Start each new aileen near the top left of the screen. self.rect.x = self.rect.width#将矩形左上角的值作为外星人的宽度 self.rect.y = self.rect.height #通过飞船左上角的坐标来控制其它图片的位置 #Store the aileen's exact horizontal position. self.x = float(self.rect.x) def check_edges(self): """Return True if aileen is at edge of screen""" screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect() if self.rect.right >= screen_rect.right or self.rect.left <= 0: return True def update(self): """Move the aileen to the right or left""" self.x += (self.settings.aileen_speed * self.settings.fleet_direction) self.rect.x = self.x
子弹bullet的文件
import pygame
import random
from pygame.sprite import Spriteclass Bullet(Sprite):#子弹bullet继承Sprite类–继承
“”“A class to manage bullets fired from the ship”“”def __init__(self,ai_game): """Create a bullet object at the ship's current position""" super().__init__()#调用父类初始化函数 self.screen = ai_game.screen self.settings = ai_game.settings self.color = self.settings.bullet_color # Load the aileen image and set its rect attribute. self.bullet_images = [pygame.image.load("images/heart.png"),pygame.image.load("images/banana.png"),pygame.image.load("images/cherry.png")] self.image = random.choice(self.bullet_images) self.rect = self.image.get_rect() #Create a bullet rect at(0,0) and then set correct position. self.rect =pygame.Rect(0,0,self.settings.bullet_width, self.settings.bullet_height) self.rect.midtop =ai_game.ship.rect.midtop#利用ai将船和子弹初始位置绑定,使得子弹在船中上方 # Store the bullet's position as a decimal value. self.y = float(self.rect.y) def update(self): """move the bullet up the screen.""" #update the decimal position of the bullet. self.y -= self.settings.bullet_speed #update the rect position. self.rect.y = self.y def draw_bullet(self): """draw the bullet to the screen""" self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect) pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)
按钮button的文件
import pygame.font
class Button:
def init(self,ai_game,msg):
“”“Initialize button attributes.”“”
self.screen = ai_game.screen
self.screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect()
# Set the dimensions and properties(财产,属性==attributes) of the button
self.width, self.height = 200, 50
self.button_color = (0, 255, 0)
self.text_color = (255,255,255)
self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 48)
# Build the button’s rect object and center it.
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,self.width,self.height)
self.rect.center = self.screen_rect.center
# The button message needs to be prepped(准备) only once.
self._prep_msg(msg)def _prep_msg(self,msg): """Turn msg into a rendered image and center and center text on the button.""" self.msg_image = self.font.render(msg,True, self.text_color, self.button_color) self.msg_image_rect = self.msg_image.get_rect() self.msg_image_rect.center = self.rect.center def draw_button(self): # Draw blank button and then draw message. self.screen.fill(self.button_color,self.rect) self.screen.blit(self.msg_image,self.msg_image_rect)
游戏数据game_stats的文件
class GameStats:
“”“Track statics for Aileen Invasion.”“”
def init(self,ai_game):
# High score should never be reset.
self.high_score = 0
# Start Aileen Invasion in an active state.
self.game_active = True
“”“Initiallize statistics.”“”
self.settings = ai_game.settings
self.reset_stats()
# Start game in an inactive state.
self.game_active = Falsedef reset_stats(self): """Initialize statistics that can change during the game.""" self.ships_left = self.settings.ship_limit self.score = 0 self.level=1
游戏分数scoreboard的文件
import pygame.font
from pygame.sprite import Group
from ship import Shipclass Scoreboard:
“”“A class to report scoring information.”“”def __init__(self,ai_game): """Initialize scorekeeping attributes.""" self.ai_game = ai_game self.screen = ai_game.screen self.screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect() self.settings = ai_game.settings self.stats = ai_game.stats # Font settings for scoring information. self.text_color = (30,30,30) self.font = pygame.font.SysFont(None,48) #Prepare the initial score image. self.prep_score() self.prep_high_score() self.prep_level() self.prep_ships() def prep_ships(self): """Show how many ships are left.""" self.ships = Group () for ship_number in range(self.stats.ships_left): ship= Ship(self.ai_game) ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.width ship.rect.y = 10 self.ships.add(ship) def prep_score(self): """Turn the score into a rendered image (将分数转换为渲染图像)"""
网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以添加V获取：vip204888 （备注鸿蒙）
一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！
ps_left):
ship= Ship(self.ai_game) ship.rect.x = 10 + ship_number * ship.rect.width ship.rect.y = 10 self.ships.add(ship) def prep_score(self): """Turn the score into a rendered image (将分数转换为渲染图像)"""
网上学习资料一大堆，但如果学到的知识不成体系，遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止，不再深入研究，那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以添加V获取：vip204888 （备注鸿蒙）
[外链图片转存中…(img-qMzEAD60-1713388381733)]
一个人可以走的很快，但一群人才能走的更远！不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人，都欢迎加入我们的的圈子（技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导），让我们一起学习成长！
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