5.3.4 图像颜色映射 (一)

注：此文知识学习笔记，仅记录完整程序和实现结果，具体原理参见：

https://blog.csdn.net/www_doling_net/article/details/8541534

1、vtkImageLuminance负责将一个RGB彩色图像转换为一个单组分的灰度图像。映射公式如下：

luminance = 0.3*R + 0.59*G + 0.11*B

该公式中，R为输入图像的第一分量（红色），G为第二分量（绿色），B为第三分量（蓝色）。这个计算结果计算一个RGB颜色的亮度。该类的使用也比较简单，用户无须设置参数，代码如下：

#include"vtkSmartPointer.h"
#include"vtkBMPReader.h"
#include"vtkImageLuminance.h"
#include"vtkImageActor.h"
#include"vtkRenderer.h"
#include"vtkRenderWindow.h"
#include"vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h"
#include"vtkInteractorStyleImage.h"

int main(){
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkBMPReader> reader = vtkSmartPointer<vtkBMPReader>::New();
	reader->SetFileName("data\\lena.bmp");
	//vtkImageLuminance将彩色图象转换成单组分的灰度图像
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageLuminance>luminancefilter = vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageLuminance>::New();
	luminancefilter->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
	luminancefilter->Update();

	//原始演员
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> origActor = vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
	origActor->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());

	//灰度演员
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> GrayActor = vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
	GrayActor->SetInputData(luminancefilter->GetOutput());
	double origView[4] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 };
	double GrayView[4] = { 0.5, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
	//原始演员化妆
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> origRender = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	origRender->SetViewport(origView);
	origRender->AddActor(origActor);
	origRender->ResetCamera();
	origRender->SetBackground(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
	//灰度演员化妆
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> GrayRender = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	GrayRender->SetViewport(GrayView);
	GrayRender->AddActor(GrayActor);
	GrayRender->ResetCamera();
	GrayRender->SetBackground(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>renderWindow = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
	renderWindow->AddRenderer(origRender);
	renderWindow->AddRenderer(GrayRender);
	renderWindow->SetSize(720, 480);
	renderWindow->Render();
	renderWindow->SetWindowName("RGB to Gray");
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>rwi = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkInteractorStyleImage>style = vtkSmartPointer<vtkInteractorStyleImage>::New();
	rwi->SetInteractorStyle(style);
	rwi->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
	rwi->Initialize();
	rwi->Start();

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

运行结果如下：

2、vtkImageExtractComponents提取彩色图像的各个颜色成分

VTK中利用vtkImageExtractComponents可以方便的提取出彩色图像的各个颜色分量，该类的使用比较简单，只需要设置要提取的分量序号即可。下面代码说明了怎样提取彩色图像的某个颜色分量。

#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>  
#include <vtkBMPReader.h>  
#include <vtkImageExtractComponents.h>  
#include <vtkImageActor.h>  
#include <vtkRenderer.h>  
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>  
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>  
#include <vtkInteractorStyleImage.h>  

int main()
{
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkBMPReader> reader = vtkSmartPointer<vtkBMPReader>::New();
	reader->SetFileName("data\\lena.bmp");
	//vtkImageExtractComponents提取彩色图像的各个颜色成分
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageExtractComponents> redComponent = vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageExtractComponents>::New();
	redComponent->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
	redComponent->SetComponents(0); //只需要设置提取的组分号---红
	redComponent->Update();

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageExtractComponents> greenComponent = vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageExtractComponents>::New();
	greenComponent->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
	greenComponent->SetComponents(1);//绿
	greenComponent->Update();

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageExtractComponents> blueComponent =	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageExtractComponents>::New();
	blueComponent->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
	blueComponent->SetComponents(2); //蓝
	blueComponent->Update();
	//创建演员  
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> origActor =	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
	origActor->SetInputData(reader->GetOutput());

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> redActor =	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
	redActor->SetInputData(redComponent->GetOutput());

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> greenActor =	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
	greenActor->SetInputData(greenComponent->GetOutput());

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor> blueActor =	vtkSmartPointer<vtkImageActor>::New();
	blueActor->SetInputData(blueComponent->GetOutput());
	//定义窗口 并化妆  
	double origView[4] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.25, 1.0 };
	double redView[4] = { 0.25, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 };
	double greenView[4] = { 0.5, 0.0, 0.75, 1.0 };
	double blueView[4] = { 0.75, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0 };

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> origRender = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	origRender->SetViewport(origView);
	origRender->AddActor(origActor);
	origRender->ResetCamera();
	origRender->SetBackground(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> redRender = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	redRender->SetViewport(redView);
	redRender->AddActor(redActor);
	redRender->ResetCamera();
	redRender->SetBackground(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> greenRender = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	greenRender->SetViewport(greenView);
	greenRender->AddActor(greenActor);
	greenRender->ResetCamera();
	greenRender->SetBackground(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> blueRender = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	blueRender->SetViewport(blueView);
	blueRender->AddActor(blueActor);
	blueRender->ResetCamera();
	blueRender->SetBackground(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
	//上舞台  
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> renderwindow = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
	renderwindow->AddRenderer(origRender);
	renderwindow->AddRenderer(redRender);
	renderwindow->AddRenderer(greenRender);
	renderwindow->AddRenderer(blueRender);
	renderwindow->SetSize(960, 320);
	renderwindow->Render();
	renderwindow->SetWindowName("ExtraImageColorComponents");
	//设置交互  
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> rwi = vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkInteractorStyleImage> style = vtkSmartPointer<vtkInteractorStyleImage>::New();
	rwi->SetInteractorStyle(style);
	rwi->SetRenderWindow(renderwindow);
	rwi->Initialize();
	rwi->Start();
	return 0;
}

参考资料：

1.《The Visualization Toolkit – AnObject-Oriented Approach To 3D Graphics (4th Edition)》
2. 张晓东, 罗火灵. VTK图形图像开发进阶[M]. 机械工业出版社, 2015.

所用软件：vtk7.0+visual studio 2013