Simple Exercises about Marco Definition (C)

宏定义

带参数的宏定义，与函数很像，区别在于

（1）宏定义不涉及存储空间的分配、参数类型匹配、参数传递、返回值问题

（2）函数调用在程序运行时执行，而同替换只在编译预处理阶段进行。所以带参数的宏比函数有更高的执行效率。

1. 

#include<stdio.h>

#define D(a) 2*a

int main()
{
  int b = D(3+4);
  printf("b is %d\n",b); //The calculation result would be 10 (10 = 2*3 +4), rather than 14. So the correct way to define D(a) is #define D(a) 2*（a); 
  return 0;
}

Output: b is 10

2.

#include<stdio.h>

# define PI 3.14

int main()
{
  float r,s;
  printf("Pleas input the value of radius r:\n");
  scanf("%f",&r);
  s = 2 * PI * r;
  printf("The length of this circle is %f\n",s);
  return 0;
}

Input: 1

Output: The length of this cricle is 6.280000.

3. Conditional Compilation

#include<stdio.h>

#define M 11

int main()
{
  #if M == 0
    printf("M is 0\n");
  #elif M > 0
    printf("M is greater than 0\n");
  #else
    printf("M is smaller than 0\n");
  #endif
  return 0;

Other use:

(1) #if defined(M) or #if !defined(M) // It means if M has been defined before or not been defined before, the following codes would be compiled, until #endif is met.
        ...code...
     #endif

(2) #ifdef M  or #ifndef M or #if !defined(M) // The same with above explanation.
      ...code..
      #endif