opengl 关于 投影变换,模型视图变换,视口变换 和多视口 的综合例子

一个比较综合的各种变换的例子.

参考了别人写的多视口例子 ,根据自己对 视口变换,投影变换,模型视图变换的理解, 做了一些小改动.包含 3d 2d 混合渲染等内容.

关于 glutDisplayFunc() 的回调函数 paintGL 和 glutPostRedisplay() 函数罗嗦两句：

glutDisplayFunc() 的 callback 函数，并不是每一帧都会去绘制的，只有当窗口发生变化或者被覆盖了，才会调用。

有点类似 WM_PAINT.

其他地方修改了显示图形，必须要调用 glutPostRedisplay() 才行，类似 InvalideRect().

glFrame.h

#include <GL/glut.h>

void initGL();
void paintGL();
void resizeGL(int width,int height);
void mousePress(int button,int state,int width,int height);
void mouseMove(int x,int y);

main.cpp

#include "glFrame.h"

int main( int argc,char** argv)
{
	glutInit( &argc,argv);
	glutInitDisplayMode( GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB );
	glutInitWindowSize( 800,600 );
	glutInitWindowPosition( 100,100 );
	
	glutCreateWindow("Multiple viewports");

	glutReshapeFunc( resizeGL);
	glutDisplayFunc( paintGL);
	glutMouseFunc( mousePress);
	glutMotionFunc( mouseMove);
	
	glutMainLoop();

	return 0;
}

mulview.cpp

#include "glFrame.h"


//	do display functions declarations
void paintCenter();
void paintViewportA();
void paintViewportB();

int width = 0;
int height = 0;
bool bBorderVisible = true;

void initGL()
{
	glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);
	glClearColor( 0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
}

void paintGL()
{
	glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT );

	paintViewportA();
	paintCenter();
	
	paintViewportB();

	glFlush();

}

void resizeGL(int w,int h)
{
	//	init matrix is unnecessary,cause each viewport will set them again.
	/*glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION );
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluOrtho2D(0,1,0,1);
	glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW );
	glLoadIdentity();*/
	//glViewport( 0,0,width,height);

	width = w;
	height = h;	
}

void mousePress(int button,int state,int width,int height)
{
	if( button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON && state == GLUT_DOWN )
	{
		bBorderVisible = !bBorderVisible;
	}
	glutPostRedisplay();
}

void mouseMove(int x,int y)
{
	glutPostRedisplay();
}

//	center viewport 
void paintCenter()
{
	int _width = width / 4;  
    int _height = height / 3;  
    glViewport(0, 0, 3*_width, 3*_height);  

	
	// center viewport, cube 1  
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);  
    glLoadIdentity();  
    gluPerspective(50,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,1.5,20.0);
  
	glColor3f(1,0,0);  
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();  
    gluLookAt(0,0,4,0,0,0,0,1,0);  
  
    
    glTranslatef(-0.3, 0.3 ,2);  
    glRotatef(30,0,0,1);  
    glRotatef(30,0,1,0);  
    glutWireCube(0.5);  
  
    // center viewport, cube 2  
    glColor3f(0,1,0);  
    glLoadIdentity();  
    gluLookAt(0,0,4,0,0,0,0,1,0);  
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);  
    glLoadIdentity();  
    gluPerspective(50,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,1.5,20.0);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

    glTranslatef(-0.5,-0.5,2);  
    glRotatef(30,0,0,1);  
    glRotatef(30,0,1,0);  
    glutWireCube(0.1);  
  
    // center viewport, cube 3  
    glColor3f(0,0,1);  
    glLoadIdentity();  
    gluLookAt(0,0,4,0,0,0,0,1,0);  
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);  
    glLoadIdentity();  
    gluPerspective(50,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,1.5,20.0);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

    glTranslatef(0.2,-0.5,2);  
    glRotatef(30,0,0,1);  
    glRotatef(30,0,1,0);  
    glutWireCube(0.2);
}

void paintViewportA()
{
	int _width = width/4;
	int _height = height/3;
	glViewport( 3*_width,2*_height,_width,_height);
	//glViewport( 0*_width,2*_height,_width,_height);


	glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluPerspective( 60.0f,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,1.5,20.0);
	
	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluLookAt( 0,0,4,0,0,0,0,1,0);
	
	glColor3f( 1,0,0);
	glTranslatef( 0,0,2);
	glRotatef(30,0,0,1);
	glRotatef(30,0,1,0);
	glutWireCube(0.5f);

	if(bBorderVisible)
	{
		glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
		glLoadIdentity();
		gluOrtho2D(0,1,0,1);
		
		glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
		glLoadIdentity();

		glColor3f( 1,1,0);
		glBegin(GL_LINES);
		glVertex2f(0.1,0.1);			//	Notice: gluOrtho2D(0,1,0,1),so line (0,0) to (0,1) is not in viewport area,we can't see it
		glVertex2f(0.1,0.9);
		glVertex2f(0.1,0.1);
		glVertex2f(0.9,0.1);
		glEnd();
	}
}

void paintViewportB()
{
	int _width = width/4;
	int _height = height/3;
	glViewport( 3*_width,1*_height,_width,_height);

	glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluPerspective( 60.0f,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,0.01,100);

	glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
	gluLookAt( 0,0,4,0,0,0,0,1,0);

	glColor3f( 1,0,1);
	glRotatef( 65,1,0,0);
	glutWireSphere( 2.0f,10,10);
	

	if(bBorderVisible)
	{
		glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
		glLoadIdentity();
		gluOrtho2D(0,1,0,1);
		
		glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
		glLoadIdentity();

		glColor3f( 1,1,0);
		glBegin(GL_LINES);
		glVertex2f(0.1,0.1);			//	Notice: gluOrtho2D(0,1,0,1),so line (0,0) to (0,1) is not in viewport area,we can't see it
		glVertex2f(0.1,0.9);
		glVertex2f(0.1,0.1);
		glVertex2f(0.9,0.1);
		glEnd();
	}
}