SwiftUI Combine的Future

Future和Promise

• Future是什么

Future在苹果官方文档的解释为：最终发布一个数据并立即结束。

这个解释过于简单了，其实Future的作用是：我将在未来的某一时刻，发布一个数据，并伴随着成功或失败的状态。

这个功能你可能听起来比较耳熟，对，他就是逃逸闭包(@escaping closure)的功能。

查看Future的源代码，我们可以看到

final public class Future<Output, Failure> : Publisher where Failure : Error {

    /// A type that represents a closure to invoke in the future, when an element or error is available.
    ///
    /// The promise closure receives one parameter: a `Result` that contains either a single element published by a ``Future``, or an error.
    public typealias Promise = (Result<Output, Failure>) -> Void

    /// Creates a publisher that invokes a promise closure when the publisher emits an element.
    ///
    /// - Parameter attemptToFulfill: A ``Future/Promise`` that the publisher invokes when the publisher emits an element or terminates with an error.
    public init(_ attemptToFulfill: @escaping (@escaping Future<Output, Failure>.Promise) -> Void)

    /// Attaches the specified subscriber to this publisher.
    ///
    /// Implementations of ``Publisher`` must implement this method.
    ///
    /// The provided implementation of ``Publisher/subscribe(_:)-4u8kn``calls this method.
    ///
    /// - Parameter subscriber: The subscriber to attach to this ``Publisher``, after which it can receive values.
    final public func receive<S>(subscriber: S) where Output == S.Input, Failure == S.Failure, S : Subscriber
}

它包含一个Promise类型和一个带有@escaping闭包的初始化函数。

Future和PassthroughSubject、CurrentValueSubject一样，是一个类，不同的是Future实现的是Publiser协议，而PassthroughtSubject和CurrentValueSubject实现的是Subject协议，所以后两个可以使用send方法&#