django websocket

laoli815

已于 2024-01-04 13:27:57 修改

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文章标签： django websocket python

于 2024-01-04 13:20:48 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/laoli815/article/details/135384372

版权

本文介绍了如何使用DjangoChannels构建一个简单的WebSocket聊天应用，包括WebsocketConsumer的实现、前端发送消息、后端接收及处理消息，以及ASGI配置和URL路由的相关内容。

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目录
在这里插入图片描述

核心代码
consumers.py

from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
from channels.exceptions import StopConsumer
import datetime
import time
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):
    def websocket_connect(self, message):
        # 有客户端像后端发送websocket连接的请求时候，自动触发
        # 服务端允许和客户端创建连接
        self.accept()
    def websocket_receive(self, message):
        # 浏览器基于websocket想后端发送数据，自动触发接受消息
        print(f"接收到消息了:{message}")
        self.send("不要回复不要回复",datetime.datetime.now())
        #self.close() 这个是服务端主动断开连接
    def websocket_disconnect(self, message):
        # 客户端与服务器断开连接是，自动触发
        print("关闭连接")
        raise StopConsumer

tests.py

import requests
url='http://127.0.0.1:8000/info/'
response=requests.post(url=url,json={'name':'张无忌','info':'太极'})
print(response.text)
``
views.py

```python
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import request,JsonResponse

# Create your views here.

def index(request):
    return render(request,'index.html',locals())

def info(request):
    if request.method=='POST':
        print(request.body.decode())
        return JsonResponse({'status':'success'})

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="/static/jquery-3.6.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="message">
<div>
    <input type="text" placeholder="请输入" id="txt">
    <input type="button" value="发送" onclick="sendMessage()">
</div>
</div>
<script>
    socket=new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8000/ws/group/")
    function sendMessage() {
        socket.send($("#txt").val())
        $("#txt").val('')
    }
    socket.onmessage=function  (event){
        console.log("接收到消息了收到了吗")
        console.log(event.data)
    }
    socket.onclose=function (event){
        console.log("断开连接")
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

asgi.py

import os

from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter,URLRouter
from dchannel import  routing

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'dchannel.settings')

# application = get_asgi_application()
application=ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http":get_asgi_application(),#自动去找urls.py,会找路由和视图函数-->http请求
    "websocket":URLRouter(routing.websocket_urlpatterns)#routing(urls),consumers(views)
})

routing.py

from django.urls import re_path
from app01 import  consumers
websocket_urlpatterns={
    re_path(r'ws/(?P<group>\w+)/$',consumers.ChatConsumer.as_asgi())
}

urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('index/',views.index),
    path('info/',views.info)
]