Java客户端实现RabbitMQ简单队列

一.导包

在maven中添加依赖。

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
    <version>4.9.0</version>
</dependency>

之前我导入了RabbitMQ最新的包（5.5.0），然后了一个错误

Unsupported major.minor version 52.0

是因为我本机装的jdk1.7,但5.x系列的版本需要JDK 8支持，4.x系列的版本支持JDK 6，我又换成了4.X的包。

附stanford parser和jdk版本对应关系：

J2SE 8 = 52,
J2SE 7 = 51,
J2SE 6.0 = 50,
J2SE 5.0 = 49,
JDK 1.4 = 48,
JDK 1.3 = 47,
JDK 1.2 = 46,
JDK 1.1 = 45

二.创建连接工具类

package utill;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 获取MQ连接工具
 * @author liucong 2018/11/13
 */
public class ConnectionUtils {
    /**
     * 获取连接方法
     * @return connection
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        //1.定义连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //2.设置服务地址
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        //3.设置端口(AMQP协议的端口，类似Mysql的3306)
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        //4.设置账号，密码，vhost
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        //5.获得连接
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        return connection;
    }

}

三.创建生产者

package producer;


import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import org.junit.Test;
import utill.ConnectionUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 生产者发送数据到消息队列
 * @author liucong 2018/11/13
 */

public class Producer {
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "QUEUE_test";

    /**
     * 发送消息方法
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws TimeoutException
     */
    @Test
    public  void sendMsg() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        //1.通过工具类获取MQ连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        //2.从连接中创建通道

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //3.创建队列（让路由器知道往哪个队列里发送消息）
        boolean durable = false;
        boolean exclusive = false;
        boolean autoDelete = false;
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, durable, exclusive, autoDelete,null);
        //4.创建消息
        String msg = "Hello QUEUE_test !!";
        //5.发送消息
        channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, msg.getBytes());
        System.out.println(msg + "发送成功");
        //6.关闭连接
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

发送一条消息试试。

发送成功了。

四.创建消费者

package customer;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import utill.ConnectionUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * 消费者消费消息
 * @author liucong 2018/11/13
 */
public class Customer {
    /**
     * 队列名称
     */
    private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "QUEUE_test1";

    public static void main(String[] arge) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        //1.获取连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();
        //2.创建管道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //3.获取消息
        Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
            /**
             * @param consumerTag consumerTag
             * @param envelope 存放生产者相关信息
             * @param properties properties
             * @param body  消息实体
             * @throws IOException
             */
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
                System.out.println("已接收到" + msg);
            }
        };
        //4.自动回复队列应答（RabbitMQ中的消息确认机制）
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
        //5.关闭连接
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

一个简单的消息队列就完成了。

简单队列的不足： 耦合性高  生产消费一一对应，如果有多个消费者想都消费这个消息，队列名称变更时需要同时更改 。