设计模式--备忘录模式

备忘录模式：属于行为型模式
基本原理：保存一个对象的某个状态，以便在适当的时候恢复对象。
主要流程：
            1.创建一个状态对象
            2.创建管理类，用来管理状态对象，支持修改状态和得到状态
            3.创建存储类，用来存储当前的状态对象，支持存储和获得对象

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
//对象
class Memento
{
public:
    string state;
    Memento(string state)
    {
        this->state = state;
    }
    string getState()
    {
        return this->state;
    }
};
//管理对象
class Originator
{
public:
    string state;
    void setState(string state)
    {
        this->state = state;
    }
    string getState()
    {
        return this->state;
    }
    Memento *saveStateToMemento()
    {
        return new Memento(this->state);
    }

    void getStateFromMemento(Memento *memento)
    {
        this->state = memento->getState();
    }
};
//存储对象
class CareTaker
{
private:
    vector<Memento*> mementoList;
public:
    void add(Memento *state)
    {
        mementoList.push_back(state);
    }
    Memento *get(int index)
    {
        if(index < mementoList.size())
        {
            return mementoList[index];
        }
        return NULL;
    }
};

int main()
{
    Originator *originator = new Originator();
    CareTaker *careTaker = new CareTaker();

    originator->setState("State #1");
    originator->setState("State #2");
    careTaker->add(originator->saveStateToMemento());
    originator->setState("State #3");
    careTaker->add(originator->saveStateToMemento());
    originator->setState("State #4");

    cout<<"show save all state:"<<endl;
    for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
    {
        if(careTaker->get(i))
        {
            cout<<" i = "<<i<<" : "<<careTaker->get(i)->getState()<<endl;
        }
    }
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<"now state : "<<originator->getState()<<endl;
    cout<<endl;
    cout<<"change state to 0"<<endl;
    originator->getStateFromMemento(careTaker->get(0));
    cout<<"now state : "<<originator->getState()<<endl;

    return 0;
}