09字符串
1.字符编码
"""
1)ASCII表
总共128个字符(美国码);
数字在大写字母的前面(A-65);大写字母在小写字母的前面(a-97);大写字母和小写字母之间有其他符号
2)Unicode(Python)
Unicode是ASCII表的扩展(包含ASCII表)
Unicode包含世界上所有国家所有民族的所有语言对应的符号(总共6万多个符号) - 万国码
中文编码范围:4e00 ~ 9fa5
"""
print(chr(97))
print(chr(65))
print('------------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------')
for x in range(97, 97+26):
print(chr(x))
print('------------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------')
print('------------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------')
for x in range(0x1800, 0x18AF+1):
print(chr(x), end=' ')
print()
print(ord('a'))
print(ord('余'), ord('婷'))
str1 = '一\u4e00a\u0061'
print(str1)
x = '吗'
print('\u4e00' <= x <= '\u9fa5')
2.字符基本操作
str1 = 'Python'
print(str1[0])
print(str1[-1])
str1 = '\u4e00abc\n123'
print(str1[1])
str1 = 'you see see,one day day!'
print(str1[0:-3:2])
print(str1[4:-1:-1])
print(str1[-4:])
for x in 'python':
print(x)
str1 = 'python'
for index in range(len(str1)):
print(index, str1[index])
print('------------------------------------华丽的分割线-----------------------------------')
for index, item in enumerate(str1):
print(index, item)
print('abc' + 'python')
str1 = 'java'
str2 = 'python'
print(str1 + str2)
print(str2 * 3)
"""
判断字符的性质:
是否是数字:'0' <= x <= '9'
是否是大写字母:'A' <= x <= 'Z'
是否是字母:'a' <= x <= 'z' or 'A' <= x <= 'Z'
是否是中文:'\u4e00' <= x <= '\u9fa5'
"""
print('abc' == 'bac')
print('amn' > 'ZFKMMMMP')
print('你好' > 'hello world!')
str1 = 'ans随机数23sjjKhs8902-==28'
count = 0
for x in str1:
if '0' <= x <= '9':
count += 1
print('数字字符的个数:', count)
print('a' in 'abc')
print('ab' in 'abc')
print('bc' in 'abc')
print('ac' in 'abc')
str1 = 'how are you? i am fine, thank you, and you!'
print('y' in str1)
print('you' in str1)
3.字符相关函数
address = '\t成都市 武侯区肖家河沿街38号肖家河大厦'
print(len(address))
list1 = [10,20,30]
print(list1)
dict1 = {'a':10,"b":20}
print(dict1)
4.字符串格式化
name = '小明'
age = 23
message = name + '今年' + str(age) + '岁!'
print(message)
money = 17892.8
message = name + '今年' + str(age) + '岁,月薪:' + str(money) + '元。'
print(message)
"""
格式字符串:包含格式占位符的字符串 % (数据1, 数据2, 数据3,...)
说明:
1)格式占位符:
%s - 字符串占位符;可以给任何类型的数据占位
%d - 整数占位符;可以给任何数字占位
%f - 浮点数占位符;可以给任何数字占位 (%.Nf - 控制保留N位小数)
2)()中的数据和前面字符串中的占位一一对应
"""
message = '%s今年%d岁,月薪:%.2f元。' % (name, age, money)
print(message)
num1 = 19
num2 = -2.3
str1 = 's:%s, d: %d, f: %f' % (num1, num1, num1)
print(str1)
str1 = 's:%s, d: %d, f: %.2f' % (num2, num2, num2)
print(str1)
"""
语法: f'{提供数据的表达式}'
"""
name = '小明'
str1 = '姓名:{name}'
print(str1)
str2 = f'姓名:{name}'
print(str2)
message = f'{name}今年{age},月薪:{money}元。'
print(message)
money = 5670
message = f'年薪: {money * 13}元'
print(message)
moneys = [6472, 7819, 10023, 8723]
message = f'最后一个就业学生的就业薪资:{moneys[-1]}元'
print(message)
money = 5670
message = f'年薪: {money * 13:.2f}元'
print(message)
moneys = [6472, 7819, 10023, 8723]
message = f'最后一个就业学生的就业薪资:{moneys[-1]:.1f}元'
print(message)
money = 567000
message = f'年薪: {money * 13:,}元'
print(message)
message = f'年薪: {money * 13:,.2f}元'
print(message)
rate = 0.236
message = f'增长率:{rate:.2%}'
print(message)