Python random, pickle

1.random

import random

1.1 randint

help(random.randint)

Help on method randint in module random:

randint(a, b) method of random.Random instance
    Return random integer in range [a, b], including both end points.

random.randint参考帮助文档，返回值是闭区间[a, b]

for i in range(10):
    print(random.randint(0, 1), end='')

0000101110

1.2 choice

随机选取一个元素

l = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(10)]
print(l)

[86, 68, 74, 13, 9, 24, 23, 65, 99, 7]

print(random.choice(l))

13

books = ['C++ Primer', 'Python Cookbook', 'Thinking in JAVA', 'Learning Python']
print(random.choice(books))

C++ Primer

1.3 shuffle

print(books)

['C++ Primer', 'Python Cookbook', 'Thinking in JAVA', 'Learning Python']

random.shuffle(books)

print(books)

['Learning Python', 'Thinking in JAVA', 'Python Cookbook', 'C++ Primer']

2. pickle

class Dog():
    def __init__(self, name, weight, color):
        self.name = name
        self.weight = weight
        self.color = color
    def sayHello(self):
        print("{} weights {} with {}, says hello to everyone".format(self.name,self.weight,self.color))

QQ = Dog('QiuQiu', weight=3.5, color='dark brown')

QQ.sayHello()

QiuQiu weights 3.5 with dark brown, says hello to everyone

GG = Dog('GuoGuo', 2.5, 'light brown')
GG.sayHello()

GuoGuo weights 2.5 with light brown, says hello to everyone

写入文件

import pickle

MyDogs = {dog.name:dog for dog in [QQ, GG]}
print(MyDogs)
save_file = open('My Dogs.data', 'wb')
pickle.dump(MyDogs, save_file)
save_file.close()

{'QiuQiu': <__main__.Dog object at 0x108167a90>, 'GuoGuo': <__main__.Dog object at 0x1081767f0>}

读取

load_file = open('My Dogs.data', 'rb')
HerDogs = pickle.load(load_file)
print(HerDogs)

{'QiuQiu': <__main__.Dog object at 0x107f8ef28>, 'GuoGuo': <__main__.Dog object at 0x108220b38>}

HerDogs['QiuQiu'].weight = 4.0

MyDogs['QiuQiu'].sayHello()

QiuQiu weights 3.5 with dark brown, says hello to everyone

HerDogs['QiuQiu'].sayHello()

QiuQiu weights 4.0 with dark brown, says hello to everyone

另一个例子

play_data = {
    'name': 'QQ',
    'money': 10000,
    'owner': ['BB', 'MM']
}
save_file = open('save.data','wb')
pickle.dump(play_data, save_file)
save_file.close()

load_file = open('save.data','rb')
data = pickle.load(load_file)
print(data)

{'name': 'QQ', 'money': 10000, 'owner': ['BB', 'MM']}