netty学习四:监听channel的读写空闲情况

概述

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netty提供了一个IdleStateHandler类,可以用监听channel的读写空闲状态。构造方法如下:

 public IdleStateHandler(long readerIdleTime, long writerIdleTime, long allIdleTime,TimeUnit unit) {

 }

1、当隔了readerIdleTime后,如果客户端未发送信息到服务端,那么会触发channel的读空闲。
2、当隔了writerIdleTime后,如果服务端未发送信息到客户端,那么会触发channel的写空闲。

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服务端代码

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package idle.server;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;

public class ChannelIdleServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        // 接收连接,但是不处理
        EventLoopGroup parentGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        // 真正处理连接的group
        EventLoopGroup childGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            //加载Initializer
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap.group(parentGroup, childGroup)
                           .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                           .handler(new  LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))
                           //这里的childHandler是服务于childGroup的,如果直接使用
                           //handler方法添加处理器,则是服务于parentGroup的
                           .childHandler(new ChannelIdleServerInitializer());

            //绑定监听端口
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8899).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }
        finally {
            parentGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            childGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

package idle.server;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateHandler;

public class ChannelIdleServerInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        pipeline.addLast(new IdleStateHandler(5, 7, 20,TimeUnit.SECONDS));
        pipeline.addLast(new ChannelIdleServerHandler());
    }
}

package idle.server;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.handler.timeout.IdleStateEvent;

public class ChannelIdleServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter{
    @Override
    public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
        if (evt instanceof IdleStateEvent) {
            IdleStateEvent idleStateEvent = (IdleStateEvent)evt;
            String eventType = null;
            switch (idleStateEvent.state()) {
            case READER_IDLE:
                eventType = "读空闲";
                break;
            case WRITER_IDLE:
                eventType = "写空闲";
                break;
            case ALL_IDLE:
                eventType = "读写空闲";
                break;
            }

            System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + "超时事件:" + eventType);
            ctx.channel().close();
        }
    }
}

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客户端代码

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package idle.client;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class ChannelIdleClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        EventLoopGroup eventLoopGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

        try {
            //加载Initializer
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(eventLoopGroup)
                           .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                           .handler(new ChannelIdleInitializer());

            //连接服务端
            Channel channel = bootstrap.connect("localhost", 8899).sync().channel();
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            for(;;) {
                channel.writeAndFlush(br.readLine() + "\r\n");
            }
        }
        finally {
            eventLoopGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

package idle.client;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.Delimiters;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class ChannelIdleInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
        //1、按照分隔符切割消息
        pipeline.addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(4096,Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));

        //2、socket编程中需要对字符串进行编码解码
        pipeline.addLast(new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));

        //3、添加自定义处理器
        pipeline.addLast(new ChannelIdleClientHandler());
    }
}

package idle.client;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

public class ChannelIdleClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String>{
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(msg);
    }
}

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可以利用这种机制来实现心跳,检测服务器是否挂掉了。

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csdn code 路径

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这个项目的源代码放置在csdn code上,欢迎访问。

netty_study