BeagleBone linux

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•                                     Added by Robert Nelson, last edited by Robert Nelson on Jan 20, 2015                                                                (view change)
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This is a page about TI's BeagleBone.

• Availability:
• Basic Requirements:
• ARM Cross Compiler: GCC
• Bootloader: U-Boot
• Upgrade distro "device-tree-compiler" package
• Linux Kernel
• Root File System
  • Debian 7
  • Debian 8 (pre-release)
  • Ubuntu 14.04.1
• Root File System (small flash)
  • Debian 7 (small flash)
• Setup microSD/SD card
  • Install Kernel and Root File System
  • Copy Root File System
  • Create /boot/uEnv.txt
  • Debian /boot/uEnv.txt (enable systemd)
  • Copy Kernel Files
  • File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)
  • Networking
  • Networking: Using a shared SD card with Multiple BeagleBone
  • Serial Login
• Comments

Availability:

BeagleBone at Digi-Key
BeagleBone DVI Cape at Digi-Key
BeagleBone 3inch LCD Cape at Digi-Key
BeagleBone 7inch LCD Cape at Digi-Key
BeagleBone BreadBoard Cape at Digi-Key
BeagleBone Breakout Cape at Digi-Key

Basic Requirements:

• ARM Cross Compiler
  • Linaro: http://www.linaro.org/downloads/
• Bootloader
  • Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
  • Source – http://git.denx.de/?p=u-boot.git;a=summary
• Linux Kernel
  • Linus's Mainline tree: https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
• ARM based rootfs
  • Debian: https://www.debian.org/
  • Ubuntu: http://www.ubuntu.com

ARM Cross Compiler: GCC

This is a pre-built (32bit) version of Linaro GCC that runs on generic linux, so 64bit users need to make sure they have installed the 32bit libraries for their distribution.

Debian based (deb)	extra	pkgs: (sudo apt-get update ; sudo apt-get install xyz)
Ubuntu 14.04 -> 14.10		libc6:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libncurses5:i386 zlib1g:i386
Debian 7 -> 8 (Jessie)	sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386	libc6:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libncurses5:i386 zlib1g:i386
Red Hat based (rpm)	extra	pkgs: (yum install xyz)
Red Hat/Centos/Fedora		libstdc++.i686 ncurses-devel.i686 zlib.i686

Download/Extract:

~/

?

wget -c https: //releases.linaro.org/14.09/components/toolchain/binaries/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.9-2014.09_linux.tar.xz tar xf gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf- 4.9 - 2014 .09_linux.tar.xz export CC=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf- 4.9 - 2014 .09_linux/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-

Test:

If this test fails, verify that you have the 32bit libraries installed on your development system.

~/

?

${CC}gcc --version arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (crosstool-NG linaro- 1.13 . 1 - 4.9 - 2014.09 - Linaro GCC 4.9 - 2014.09 ) 4.9 . 2 20140904 (prerelease) Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Bootloader: U-Boot

Das U-Boot -- the Universal Boot Loader http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot

Download:

~/

?

git clone git: //git.denx.de/u-boot.git cd u-boot/ git checkout v2015. 01 -b tmp

Patches:

~/u-boot

?

wget -c https: //raw.githubusercontent.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches/master/v2015.01/0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch patch -p1 < 0001 -am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch

Configure and Build:

~/u-boot

?

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_evm_defconfig make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}

Upgrade distro "device-tree-compiler" package

~/

?

wget -c https: //raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/tools/master/pkgs/dtc.sh chmod +x dtc.sh ./dtc.sh

Linux Kernel

This script will build the kernel and modules and copy them to the deploy directory.

Download:

~/

?

git clone https: //github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git cd bb-kernel/

Checkout v3.8.x branch:

~/bb-kernel

?

git checkout origin/am33x-v3. 8 -b tmp

or v3.18.x branch (better usb/ethernet, some simple capes)

~/bb-kernel

?

git checkout origin/am33x-v3. 18 -b tmp

Build:

~/bb-kernel

?

./build_kernel.sh

Root File System

Debian 7

User	Password
debian	temppwd
root	root

This image contains, systemd: https://wiki.debian.org/systemd to enable, add to uEnv.txt:

?

optargs=quiet init=/lib/systemd/systemd

Download:

~/

?

wget -c https: //rcn-ee.net/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/debian-7.8-minimal-armhf-2015-01-20.tar.xz

Verify:

~/

?

md5sum debian- 7.8 -minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz 7e9c4e023ba37c2851db1b388998e766  debian- 7.8 -minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Extract:

~/

?

tar xf debian- 7.8 -minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Debian 8 (pre-release)

User	Password
debian	temppwd
root	root

Download:

~/

?

wget -c https: //rcn-ee.net/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/debian-jessie-minimal-armhf-2015-01-20.tar.xz

Verify:

~/

?

md5sum debian-jessie-minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz 6e9b5aea58f900e70d831db99e06e075  debian-jessie-minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Extract:

~/

?

tar xf debian-jessie-minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Ubuntu 14.04.1

User	Password
ubuntu	temppwd

Download:

~/

?

wget -c https: //rcn-ee.net/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/ubuntu-14.04.1-minimal-armhf-2015-01-20.tar.xz

Verify:

~/

?

md5sum ubuntu- 14.04 . 1 -minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz fc71da62babe15e45c7e51f8dba22639  ubuntu- 14.04 . 1 -minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Extract:

~/

?

tar xf ubuntu- 14.04 . 1 -minimal-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Root File System (small flash)

A Root File System around 64Mb in size, for flash applications.

Debian 7 (small flash)

User	Password
debian	temppwd
root	root

Download:

~/

?

wget -c https: //rcn-ee.net/rootfs/eewiki/barefs/debian-7.8-bare-armhf-2015-01-20.tar.xz

Verify:

~/

?

md5sum debian- 7.8 -bare-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz cdc78a9caf9ad1e8fae803709d19af27  debian- 7.8 -bare-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Extract:

~/

?

tar xf debian- 7.8 -bare-armhf- 2015 - 01 - 20 .tar.xz

Setup microSD/SD card

For these instruction, we are assuming: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0, "lsblk" is very useful for determining the device id.

?

export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0

Erase microSD/SD card:

?

sudo dd if =/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1M count= 10

Install Bootloader:

~/

?

sudo dd if =./u-boot/MLO of=${DISK} count= 1 seek= 1 conv=notrunc bs=128k sudo dd if =./u-boot/u-boot.img of=${DISK} count= 2 seek= 1 conv=notrunc bs=384k

Create Partition Layout:

?

sudo sfdisk --in-order --Linux --unit M ${DISK} <<-__EOF__ 1 ,, 0x83 ,* __EOF__

Format Partitions:

?

for : DISK=/dev/mmcblk0 sudo mkfs.ext4 ${DISK}p1 -L rootfs for : DISK=/dev/sdX sudo mkfs.ext4 ${DISK} 1 -L rootfs

Mount Partitions:

On some systems, these partitions may be auto-mounted...

?

sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/ for : DISK=/dev/mmcblk0 sudo mount ${DISK}p1 /media/rootfs/ for : DISK=/dev/sdX sudo mount ${DISK} 1 /media/rootfs/

Install Kernel and Root File System

To help new users, since the kernel version can change on a daily basis. The kernel building scripts listed on this page will now give you a hint of what kernel version was built.

?

----------------------------- Script Complete eewiki.net: [user @localhost :~$ export kernel_version= 3 .X.Y-Z] -----------------------------

Copy and paste that "export kernel_version=3.X.Y-Z" exactly as shown in your own build/desktop environment and hit enter to create an environment variable to be used later.

?

export kernel_version= 3 .X.Y-Z

Copy Root File System

~/

?

sudo tar xfvp . /*-*-*-armhf-*/ armhf-rootfs-*.tar -C /media/rootfs/

Create /boot/uEnv.txt

~/

?

sudo sh -c "echo 'uname_r=${kernel_version}' > /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"

Debian /boot/uEnv.txt (enable systemd)

~/

?

sudo sh -c "echo 'cmdline=quiet init=/lib/systemd/systemd' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"

Copy Kernel Files

Kernel Image:

~/

?

sudo cp -v ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}.zImage /media/rootfs/boot/vmlinuz-${kernel_version}

Kernel Device Tree Binaries:

~/

?

sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/ sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/

Kernel Modules:

~/

?

sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/

File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)

/etc/fstab

?

sudo sh -c "echo '/dev/mmcblk0p1  /  auto  errors=remount-ro  0  1' >> /media/rootfs/etc/fstab"

Networking

Edit: /etc/network/interfaces

?

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces

Add:

/etc/network/interfaces

?

auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp

Networking: Using a shared SD card with Multiple BeagleBone

To always enable the Ethernet interface as eth0.

Edit: /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

?

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/udev/rules.d/ 70 -persistent-net.rules

Add:

/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

?

# BeagleBone: net device () SUBSYSTEM== "net" , ACTION== "add" , DRIVERS== "?*" , ATTR{dev_id}== "0x0" , ATTR{type}== "1" , KERNEL== "eth*" , NAME= "eth0"

Serial Login

Debian

/etc/inittab

?

sudo sh -c "echo 'T0:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyO0 115200 vt102' >> /media/rootfs/etc/inittab"

Ubuntu

Create new file: /etc/init/serial.conf

?

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/init/serial.conf

With this content:

/etc/init/serial.conf

?

start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[ 2345 ] stop on runlevel [! 2345 ] respawn exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO0

Remove microSD/SD card:

?

sync sudo umount /media/rootfs

Comments

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