opencv KMeans.cpp 学习

打算利用KMeans算法做一个聚类，将聚类后的数据进行分析。学习下KMeans API的使用，顺便学习下常见的一些函数的用法。

官方文档如下：

#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
// static void help()
// {
//     cout << "\nThis program demonstrates kmeans clustering.\n"
//             "It generates an image with random points, then assigns a random number of cluster\n"
//             "centers and uses kmeans to move those cluster centers to their representitive location\n"
//             "Call\n"
//             "./kmeans\n" << endl;
// }
int main(int /*argc*/, char** /*argv*/)
{
	const int MAX_CLUSTERS = 5;
	Scalar colorTab[] =
	{
		Scalar(0, 0, 255),
		Scalar(0,255,0),
		Scalar(255,100,100),
		Scalar(255,0,255),
		Scalar(0,255,255)
	};
	Mat img(500, 500, CV_8UC3);
	RNG rng(12345);
	for (;;)
	{
		int k, clusterCount = rng.uniform(2, MAX_CLUSTERS + 1);
		int i, sampleCount = rng.uniform(1, 1001);
		Mat points(sampleCount, 1, CV_32FC2), labels;
		clusterCount = MIN(clusterCount, sampleCount);
		Mat centers;
		/* generate random sample from multigaussian distribution */
		for (k = 0; k < clusterCount; k++)
		{
			Point center;
			center.x = rng.uniform(0, img.cols);
			center.y = rng.uniform(0, img.rows);
			Mat pointChunk = points.rowRange(k*sampleCount / clusterCount,
				k == clusterCount - 1 ? sampleCount :
				(k + 1)*sampleCount / clusterCount);
			rng.fill(pointChunk, RNG::NORMAL, Scalar(center.x, center.y), Scalar(img.cols*0.05, img.rows*0.05));
		}
		randShuffle(points, 1, &rng);
		kmeans(points, clusterCount, labels,
			TermCriteria(TermCriteria::EPS + TermCriteria::COUNT, 10, 1.0),
			3, KMEANS_PP_CENTERS, centers);
		img = Scalar::all(0);
		for (i = 0; i < sampleCount; i++)
		{
			int clusterIdx = labels.at<int>(i);
			Point ipt = points.at<Point2f>(i);
			circle(img, ipt, 2, colorTab[clusterIdx], FILLED, LINE_AA);
		}
		imshow("clusters", img);
		char key = (char)waitKey();
		if (key == 27 || key == 'q' || key == 'Q') // 'ESC'
			break;
	}
	return 0;
}

RNG 随机数产生器。

RNG::uniform（） 产生单个服从均匀分布的随机数。

RNG::fill(

	(	InputOutputArray	mat,
		int	distType,
		InputArray	a,
		InputArray	b,
		bool	saturateRange = false
	)

)将Mat填充以服从正态分布或者均匀分布的随机数（正态分布的均值为a，方差为b；均匀分布的边界为a b）

后续补充