网络编程-做个小例子：实现多线程的广播订阅通信

练习：
网络编程：客户端和服务器端多线程的通信
需求实现：

1. 建立服务端和客户端
2. 客户端与服务端可以正常通信
3. 一个客户端连接到服务端后，服务端向所有客户端广播消息
4. 在客户端命令行输入内容后，服务端接收内容并广播到所有客户端
5. 客户端输入exit后，服务端下线此客户端
6. 客户端先输入exit，再输入q后，关闭客户端程序

代码如下：
服务端：

/**
 * @Description 一对多的通信
 * 整个多线程的通信要注意：
 * 1. 服务端一直在等待socket的接入
 * 2. socket上线构造函数可以直接输出
 * 3. serverThread线程处理的是获取socket管道的通信，发送给所有的客户端，客户端下限后去除clients
 * @Date 2023/6/29 15:21
 */
public class MultiThreadServer {
    List<ServerThread> clients = new ArrayList<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        new MultiThreadServer().run();
    }

    private void run() throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(6060);

        while (true){
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            ServerThread st = new ServerThread(socket,clients);
            new Thread(st).start();
        }
    }
    class ServerThread implements Runnable {

        private Socket socket;
        private String name;
        private BufferedReader reader;
        private PrintWriter writer;
        private List<ServerThread> clients;

        public ServerThread(Socket socket,List<ServerThread> clients) throws IOException {
            this.socket = socket;
            this.reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            this.writer = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true);
            this.name = reader.readLine()+"["+socket.getInetAddress()+":"+socket.getPort()+"]";
            this.clients = clients;
            clients.add(this);
            System.out.println(name+"上线了");
            sendAll(name+"上线了");
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            String line = null;
            while (true){
                try {
                    if ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                        System.out.println(this.name+":"+line);
                        sendAll(this.name+"："+line);
                        if("exit".equalsIgnoreCase(line)) break;
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            System.out.println(this.name+"下线了");
            sendAll(name+"下线了");
            clients.remove(this);
            if(this.socket != null) {
                try {
                    this.socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

        private void sendAll(String msg){
            for (ServerThread client : this.clients) {
                client.writer.println(msg);
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端：

/**
 * @Description 客户端的多线程
 * @Date 2023/6/29 16:25
 */
public class ClientCmd {
    Socket socket = null;
    BufferedReader reader = null;
    BufferedReader br = null;


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ClientCmd().run();
    }

    private void run(){
        try {
            socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",6060);

            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true);
            pw.println("张老师");
            String str = null;
            new Thread(new ClientCmd.ClientThread()).start();
            while((str = reader.readLine())!= null) {
                // 输入exit后线程退出了，但reader还在等待控制台输入
                if("q".equals(str)) break;
                pw.println(str);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(socket != null) {
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(reader!= null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    class ClientThread implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            String res = null;
            try {
                while ((res = br.readLine())!=null){
                    System.out.println(res);
                    if("exit".equalsIgnoreCase(res)) break;
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}