图像的透视变换（opencv2实现）

图像的透视变换（opencv2实现）

示例代码

#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>  
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>  
#include <iostream>  
#include <cv.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
  
 
Point2f center(0,0);  
  
Point2f computeIntersect(Vec4i a, Vec4i b)  
{  
    int x1 = a[0], y1 = a[1], x2 = a[2], y2 = a[3], x3 = b[0], y3 = b[1], x4 = b[2], y4 = b[3];  
   // float denom;  
  
    if (float d = ((float)(x1 - x2) * (y3 - y4)) - ((y1 - y2) * (x3 - x4))) 		//若d=0，则直线AB与CD平行或重合
    {  
        Point2f pt;  
        pt.x = ((x1 * y2 - y1 * x2) * (x3 - x4) - (x1 - x2) * (x3 * y4 - y3 * x4)) / d;  //求两条直线的交点x坐标
        pt.y = ((x1 * y2 - y1 * x2) * (y3 - y4) - (y1 - y2) * (x3 * y4 - y3 * x4)) / d;  //求两条直线的交点x坐标
        return pt;  
    }  
    else  
        return Point2f(-1, -1);  
}  
  
void sortCorners(std::vector<Point2f>& corners,Point2f center)  
{  
    vector<Point2f> top, bot;  
  
    for (int i = 0; i < corners.size(); i++)  
    {  
        if (corners[i].y < center.y)  
            top.push_back(corners[i]);  
        else  
            bot.push_back(corners[i]);  
    }  
    corners.clear();  
      
    if (top.size() == 2 && bot.size() == 2){  
        Point2f tl = top[0].x > top[1].x ? top[1] : top[0];  
        Point2f tr = top[0].x > top[1].x ? top[0] : top[1];  
        Point2f bl = bot[0].x > bot[1].x ? bot[1] : bot[0];  
        Point2f br = bot[0].x > bot[1].x ? bot[0] : bot[1];  
        corners.push_back(tl);  
        corners.push_back(tr);  
        corners.push_back(br);  
        corners.push_back(bl);  
    }  
}  
  
int main()  
{  
    Mat srcImage = imread("E:\\图片\\image.jpg");//原图  
    if (srcImage.empty())  
        return -1;  
    Mat grayImage;  				  //灰度图
    cvtColor(srcImage, grayImage, CV_BGR2GRAY); //转化为灰度图 
    blur(grayImage, grayImage, Size(3, 3));   //滤波
    Canny(grayImage, grayImage, 100, 100, 3);  
  
    vector<Vec4i> lines;                    //直线输出向量 
    HoughLinesP(grayImage, lines, 1, CV_PI/180, 70, 30, 10);  //霍夫直线检测
  
    // 延伸直线  
    for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++)  
    {  
        Vec4i v = lines[i];  
        lines[i][0] = 0;  
        lines[i][1] = ((float)v[1] - v[3]) / (v[0] - v[2]) * -v[0] + v[1];   
        lines[i][2] = srcImage.cols;   
        lines[i][3] = ((float)v[1] - v[3]) / (v[0] - v[2]) * (srcImage.cols - v[2]) + v[3];  
    }  
      
    vector<Point2f> corners;  
    for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++)  
    {  
        for (int j = i+1; j < lines.size(); j++)  
        {  
            Point2f pt = computeIntersect(lines[i], lines[j]);//调用自定义函数求相交直线的交点
            if (pt.x >= 0 && pt.y >= 0)  
                corners.push_back(pt);  
        }  
    }  
  
    vector<Point2f> approx;  
    approxPolyDP(Mat(corners), approx, arcLength(Mat(corners), true) * 0.02, true);//approxPolyDP //arcLength计算轮廓周长或曲线长度
  
    if (approx.size() != 4)  
    {  
        cout << "The object is not quadrilateral!" << std::endl;  
        return -1;  
    }  
      
    // Get mass center  
    for (int i = 0; i < corners.size(); i++)  
        center += corners[i];  
    center *= (1. / corners.size());  
  
    sortCorners(corners, center);  //调用自定义函数
    if (corners.size() == 0){  
        cout << "The corners were not sorted correctly!" << std::endl;  
        return -1;  
    }  
    Mat dst = srcImage.clone();  
  
    // Draw lines  
    for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++)  
    {  
        Vec4i v = lines[i];  
        line(dst, Point(v[0], v[1]), Point(v[2], v[3]), CV_RGB(0,255,0));  
    }  
  
    // Draw corner points  
    circle(dst, corners[0], 3, CV_RGB(255,0,0), 2);  
    circle(dst, corners[1], 3, CV_RGB(0,255,0), 2);  
    circle(dst, corners[2], 3, CV_RGB(0,0,255), 2);  
    circle(dst, corners[3], 3, CV_RGB(255,255,255), 2);  
  
    // Draw mass center  
    circle(dst, center, 3, CV_RGB(255,255,0), 2);  
  
    Mat quad = Mat::zeros(300, 220, CV_8UC3);  
  
    vector<Point2f> quad_pts;  
    quad_pts.push_back(Point2f(0, 0));  
    quad_pts.push_back(Point2f(quad.cols, 0));  
    quad_pts.push_back(Point2f(quad.cols, quad.rows));  
    quad_pts.push_back(Point2f(0, quad.rows));  
  
    Mat transmtx = getPerspectiveTransform(corners, quad_pts); //getPerspectiveTransform由四对点计算透射变换
    warpPerspective(srcImage, quad, transmtx, quad.size()); //warpPerspective对图像进行透视变换 
  
    imshow("image", dst);  
    imshow("quadrilateral", quad);  
    waitKey();  
    return 0;  
}  

运行结果