IPCop.org FAQs (frequently-asked questions)翻译练习

http://www.ipcop.org/index-pn.php?name=FAQ&id_cat=2
FAQ
What is the IPCop firewall?
IPCop Firewall is a Linux firewall distribution geared towards home and SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) users. The IPCop interface is very user-friendly and task-based. IPCop offers the critical functionality of an expensive network appliance using stock, or even obsolete, hardware and OpenSource Software.
IPCop防火墙是什么？
IPCop Firewall是一种Linux防火墙套件，主要面向家庭和SOHO(Small Office/Home Office)用户。IPCop 的界面非常友好，并且是基于任务的。 IPCop提供的关键功能只有某些昂贵的网络程序才有。IPCop在老旧甚至淘汰的硬件中就可以运行，（更重要的特点是）它是一种开源软件。

OLD PC + IPCOP = Secure Internet Appliance
旧电脑+IPCOP = 安全的互联网程序

IPCop lets you take an old PC and convert it into an appliance that will.
IPCop可以把旧电脑转换成一个程序，它可以实现：
1. Secure your home network from the internet.
2. Improve the performance of web browsers (by keeping frequently used information)
1.在你的家庭网络连接互联网时给予保护
2.改善web浏览器行为（保证频繁使用的信息）
All this functionality can be managed from a simple to use web interface, even updates and patches can be installed using a web browser.
Remember IPCop works with most home networks and small office networks, dial up modems, cable modems, ADSL, Leased lines and ISDN. It also lets several PCs share connections to the internet. If you have an always on connection to can even use IPCop to protect your web and email servers. IPCop also has remote management meaning you can securely update and reconfigure your IPCop firewall from anywhere with an internet connection!
所有的功能都可容易地通过web界面进行管理，甚至升级和打补丁也可以通过这一界面实现。ipcop多用于家庭或小型办公网络，拨号调制解调器，电缆调制解调器，ADSL，出租线路和ISDN都可以使用ipcop。
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How does IPCop Firewall work?
IPCop Firewall basically sits "in between" your Internet connection (dial-up modem, cable-modem, DSL, etc) and works directs traffic using a set of rules for the TCP/IP traffic that underlies all Internet activities. The default rules, ideal for most users, are essentially simple in nature. They allow you to "surf" to the outside world and visit web-sites, FTP, email and so forth. And as you go about your tasks on the Internet, IPCop allows return traffic from those tasks, that you requested, to pass through. If, however, some random TCP/IP traffic comes in, requesting information from your computer, and that traffic is not in response to your requests, IPCop Firewall refuses to respond, and logs that attempt. Thus, you are allowed to go about your normal business, but when the bad guys try to come after you, they are stopped cold, because they are not responding to your requests. Think of IPCop Firewall as your friendly traffic cop down on the corner, making sure that things travel smoothly, and enforcing good rules on your Internet traffic.
IPCop防火墙是如何工作的？
IPCop防火墙一般处于Internet连接（拨号调制解调器，电缆调制解调器，DSL等）与工作网络之间。TCP/IP是构成互联网活动的基础，IPCop使用一系列规则处理TCP/IP流。默认的规则适用于多数用户，非常简单。你可以上网冲浪访问web或FTP站点，收发email等。当你通过Internet工作时，IPCop允许你的“工作”返回需要的数据。然而如果一些随机的TCP/IP流向你的电脑请求数据，这样的请求将不被响应。IPCop还会记录下这些企图。因此，你可以正常的工作，但当坏人企图尾随而至时，他们将被毫不留情地拒之门外。因为你的请求将不被他们响应。你可以认为IPCop是友好的网络交通警。他保证网路畅通，并在你的Internet流上采用最佳规则。
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Will I be able to do everything I did before?
Yes, but... :-)
There are some applications which, under the hood, set up two channels of TCP/IP traffic for various reasons. For example, many online shoot-em-up games like Quake open up several TCP/IP channels to so that high-priority messages such as movement and shooting the bad guys can get through on the priority channel, while the graphics are sent through a lower-priority channel. Similarly, NetMeeting and some NetMessenger applications open up multiple channels in order to facilitate multiple people talking at once. You can still use these games, but you'll need to do some post-installation configuration to alter the "Rules" a little bit so that IPCop Firewall (your friendly traffic cop) will know about your specific exceptions.

我以前能做的事情现在也能做吗？
可以，但是……
有些程序由于某些原因建立2个TCP/IP通道。例如，一些在线射击类游戏（如Quake），会打开几个TCP/IP通道，以便像移动、向坏人射击这类信息可以通过高优先级通道，而图形这类信息则通过低优先级通道传递。类似的，NetMeeting这种即时消息软件为了让多人同时交谈需要打开多个通道。你仍然可以使用这些软件，但你需要进行一些安装后的设置，让IPCop知道有一些特殊的例外。
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What if I need remote access to my computers?
You can configure IPCop Firewall and your remote computers to use VPN which basically lets authorized remote computers "pretend" to be behind your firewall, even if, in reality, they are far, far away in a distant galaxy. Check out the IPCop VPN documentation.

You can remotely access your desktop from any location with an internet connection here is how.

如果需要远程接入我的电脑要怎样？
你要设置IPCop，远程电脑要使用VPN让这台机器看上去像是处于防火墙的后面，即使实际上它们非常远。
在联网状态下，你可以从任何地点远程登录你的桌面。
To remotely access your the Desktop machine (UNIX workstation, PC with Linux or Windows or Macintosh) use VNC. Some Windows users may prefer TightVNC. Install VNC on your desktop machine.
由于一些Windows用户喜欢使用TightVNC，所以也可以使用VNC来登录远程桌面。
To secure access to your Desktop Machine SSH is recommended. SSH is built into IPCop (you have to switch it on using the web interface: One the IPCop web interface select, System, SSH and enable SSH then press Save).
为了安全的登录到桌面机，推荐使用SSH。SSH被内置于IPCop中（你可以使用web界面打开它：在IPCop的web界面上选择system,SSH,开启SSH，保存）
Now on the remote site you will need an SSH Client.
- Windows PuTTY
- Macintosh NiftyTelnet SSH
- Unix OpenSSH
You can find more extensive lists of SSH clients for various (other) operating systems here).
Open port 222 in External services.
Open an SSH connection and setup a tunnel to your desktop machine.
Use a VNC client (a java enabled browser will do) on the remote PC to access your desktop at home!

这时你需要一个SSH远程客户端
- Windows PuTTY
- Macintosh NiftyTelnet SSH
- Unix OpenSSH
你可以在这里找到大量的用于不同操作系统的SSH客户端列表
开启外部服务端口222
开启一个SSH连接并建立一个通向你机器桌面的通道。
在远程PC上使用一个VNC客户端登录你家中的电脑桌面。
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Where can I talk to others about IPCop?
Well, there is the IPCop Users mailing list of course and there is also the IPCop IRC channel. To join the IRC channel just connect to server: irc.freenode.net and then the IPCop channel: #ipcop

在哪能找到一起讨论IPCop的人？
这里有邮件列表和IRC频道。可以加入irc.freenode.net的#ipcop频道来交流。
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What are the benefits of IPCop (software based firewall) over Hardware based firewalls or other software based solutions?
Basically, a hardware based firewall will require that you purchase the complete solution (hardware and software) for a rather hefty sum. Other software solutions are either commercial (you pay) or free and doesn't offer the level of security and/or ease of use that IPCop does.

IPCop与硬件防火墙和其它软件防火墙相比有什么优势？
总的说来硬件防火墙很贵。软件防火墙要么是商业软件（要付费）要么免费的达不到IPCop的安全水平和易用性。
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Sounds Good. What gear will I need?
听起来不错，我需要什么设备？
First, you'll need a whole new computer for IPCop itself. This is not as excessive as it sounds. For one thing, IPCop can run on obsolete hardware that many companies are literally throwing away as "useless". IPCop Firewall will be connected to the outside world, so you'll need a cable and whatever kind of card (modem, NIC, etc) that you would normally have in your computer. Exactly what you need for this connection depends on how you connect to the Internet, but you probably can simply move the existing cables and hardware from your current computer to IPCop Firewall.

Then, you'll need another cable and NIC in IPCop Firewall to connect to your computer, or to your switch/router if you have several desktops to hook up. Finally, you'll need a NIC in your desktop computer, or one in each desktop computer if you have several desktops to hook up. Check the Installation Guide for more information.

首先你需要一台计算机单独给IPCop使用。这并不过分，IPCop可以运行在许多公司淘汰下来的旧机器上。IPCop可以联网，所以你需要能连网的网线或是网卡什么的，它们一般在你的计算机中都有。你真正需要什么东西取决于你想要怎样连上Internet，你或许只是简单的把现有的网线和设备用在IPCop上。
那么你需要另一套网线和网卡来使IPCop连到你的电脑上或者连到交换机上（或路由器上）。最后在你的工作电脑上需要一块网卡，如果你有几台电脑需要连网，那就每台电脑配一块网卡。更多信息请参考安装指南。
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Who do I speak to, to add feature x,y,z?
If in need of a feature not yet found in IPCop, it is best to add an RFE item on the request for enhancements list. You can find this list on our SourceForge page.

我需要一些功能，应该跟谁说？
如果有些功能在IPCop中没找到，最好是在需求列表中加入一个RFE项目。你可以在SourceForge网站上找到这个列表。
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I love it, how can I help?
Spread the word! ;)

Seriously, we can only make IPCop better by having more people using it to let us know where we can improve it. So tell everyone you can about it.

If you happen to have a good background in Linux, Perl, XML, Firewalling, Support background or security and have the time to give to the IPCop Project then contact CharlesWilliams for more information.

我喜欢它，我能帮助它吗？
说真的，我们只能通过让越来越多的人来使用它从而使IPCop变得更好。所以把它介绍给你认识的人吧。如果你刚好精通Linux, Perl, XML,防火墙，技术支持或是安全类技术而且你有时间投入到IPCop项目中去，请联系CharlesWilliams。
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Can I sell IPCop?
Please read the GNU article Selling Free Software.

IPCop可以出售吗？
请阅读GNU文档《自由软件的出售》
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Can I mirror the IPCop ISO?
Certain people will be allowed to mirror the IPCop ISO. We will keep an updated list of where these mirrors are and this list will contain the ONLY authorized list of mirrors. If you download an ISO from anywhere else then you may be downloading an ISO that has been tampered with. Always check the MD5sum for the iso you have downloaded before installing IPCop.

可以复制IPCop的ISO文件吗？
任何人都可以复制IPCop的ISO文件。我们将保有一份这些镜像文件所在位置的列表，它也是唯一经过授权的列表。如果你从其它地方下载了一个ISO文件，则它有可能是经过修改的。请在下载后安装之前测试ISO文件的MD5码。
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This FAQ didn't help me. Where do I go next?

Reading the full IPCop Documentation is always good.

If you're having trouble with installing or configuring IPCop, the IPCop Installation and IPCop Administration Guides are a must.

Search the IPCopMailingLists archives

Next, try posting a question to the appropriate IPCop Mailing List.

Check the other support sites as listed on the Support page.

此问题列表没有帮我解决问题，我接下来去哪？
阅读完整的IPCop文档总会有所帮助。
如果你在安装和配置IPCop时遇到困难，最好阅读IPCop安装和管理指南。
查看IPCop邮件列表。
接下来，在适当的IPCop邮件列表中提出问题。
在技术支持页查找其它站点。
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It's not really what I wanted...
IPCop is only a firewall appliance. If you want a Connectivity Server, with network file shares, email etc. take a look at these alternatives:

SME Server

ClarkConnect

Print Server appliance

http://www.pigtail.net/LRP/printsrv/
它根本不是我想要的
IPCop只是一个防火墙程序。如果你需要一个连接服务器，用来做网络文件共享，email等用途，请看看SME Server，ClarkConnect或Print Server appliance。