Maya动画拍四个屏幕

　　这个本身并没有什么难度，之所以拿出来分享下，是在用FFmpeg合成视频的时候，自己费了很大劲，查了大量资料才最终弄好，希望别人在有类似的情况不用那么麻烦了。
　　思路是：先拍四个视图的屏，然后将这四个视屏合起来并带有声音。
　　里面包含有FFmpeg的路径可以自己下载最新版的设置下路径就行了。
　　详细代码如下：

import os
import subprocess
import maya.cmds as cmds


def split_list_by_chuck(userList, chuck):
    for i in xrange(0, len(userList), chuck):
        yield userList[i: i + chuck]


def get_timeSlinder_current_sound():
    import maya.mel
    gPlayBackSlider = maya.mel.eval('$tmpVar=$gPlayBackSlider')
    sound = cmds.timeControl(gPlayBackSlider, q=1, s=1, ds=1)
    if sound:
        return sound
    return None


def compostion_multiple_videos(videos, output_video, start_number, duration, rate, sound=None, column=2):
    ffmpeg_path = '//storage1.of3d.com/centralizedTools/third_party/exe/ffmpeg/win/3.3.1/bin/ffmpeg.exe'
    temp_videos = []

    videos_num = len(videos)
    if column > videos_num:
        print '>>> The amount of videos must be larger than column'
        return False

    for index, video in enumerate(split_list_by_chuck(videos, column)):
        input_videos = []
        num = len(video)

        for i in xrange(num):
            input_videos.append('-i %s' % video[i])

        composition_video_temp = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(output_video), 'temp_%s.mov' % index).replace('\\', '/')
        if os.path.exists(composition_video_temp):
            os.remove(composition_video_temp)

        all_input = ' '.join(input_videos)
        command_temp = '{ffmpeg} {input_videos} -filter_complex "[0:v:0]pad=iw*{column}:ih[bg]; [bg][1:v:0]overlay=w" {output_video_temp}'.format(
            ffmpeg=ffmpeg_path, input_videos=all_input, column=column, output_video_temp=composition_video_temp)

        print '>>> Command: %s' % command_temp
        state = subprocess.call(command_temp, shell=True)
        temp_videos.append(composition_video_temp)

    if temp_videos:
        input_videos = []
        num = len(temp_videos)

        for i in xrange(num):
            input_videos.append('-i %s' % temp_videos[i])

        final_video_temp = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(output_video), '%s_temp.mov' %
                                        os.path.basename(output_video).split('.')[0]).replace('\\', '/')

        all_input = ' '.join(input_videos)
        command = '{ffmpeg} {input_videos_temp} -preset ultrafast -filter_complex vstack {output_video}'.format(
            ffmpeg=ffmpeg_path, input_videos_temp=all_input, output_video=final_video_temp)

        print '>>> Command: %s' % command

        if os.path.exists(final_video_temp):
            os.remove(final_video_temp)

        state = subprocess.call(command, shell=True)

        if sound:
            command = '{ffmpeg} -t {duration} -i {final_video_temp} -i {audio} -shortest {output_video}'.format(
                ffmpeg=ffmpeg_path, duration=str(duration), final_video_temp=final_video_temp, audio=sound, output_video=output_video)

            print '>>> Command: %s' % command
            if os.path.exists(output_video):
                os.remove(output_video)

            state = subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
            temp_videos.append(final_video_temp)

        all_temp_video = set(temp_videos).union(set(videos))
        for video in all_temp_video:
            if os.path.exists(video):
                os.remove(video)

        if state == 0:
            return True
        else:
            return False


def get_rate():
    rate_data = {'game': 15, 'film': 24, 'pal': 25, 'ntsc': 30, 'show': 48, 'palf': 50, 'ntscf': 60, '100fps': 100}
    current_rate = cmds.currentUnit(q=1, t=1)
    rate = rate_data.get(current_rate, 24)
    return rate


def playblast_from_multiple_views(videoPath, widthHeight, frameRange, videoFormat='qt', compression='H.264', sound=None):

    viewPanels = cmds.getPanel(typ='modelPanel')
    visiblePanels = cmds.getPanel(vis=1)

    renderPanels = list(set(viewPanels) & set(visiblePanels))
    video_paths = []
    camera_names = []
    sound_file = None

    frange_range = frameRange[1] - frameRange[0] + 1
    scene_rate = get_rate()

    duration = '%.03f' % (frange_range * 1.0 / scene_rate)

    if sound:
        sound_file = sound
    else:
        audio = get_timeSlinder_current_sound()
        if audio:
            audio_file = cmds.getAttr('%s.filename' % audio)
            if audio_file.startswith('$'):
                env_variable = os.environ.get(audio_file.split('/', 1)[0].strip('$'))
                sound_file = os.path.join(env_variable, audio_file.split('/', 1)[1]).replace('\\', '/')
            else:
                sound_file = audio_file

    print '>>>', sound_file
    for panel in renderPanels:
        cmds.setFocus(panel)
        camera_name = cmds.modelEditor(panel, q=1, cam=1)
        if camera_name in camera_names:
            continue

        single_view_video_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(videoPath), '%s.mov' % camera_name)  # hardcode

        print '>>> camera: %s; videoPath: %s' % (camera_name, single_view_video_path)

        cmds.modelEditor(panel, e=1, hud=1, da='smoothShaded', dtx=1, dl='default', alo=0, pm=1, ns=1)

        cmds.playblast(startTime=frameRange[0], endTime=frameRange[1], fmt=videoFormat, filename=single_view_video_path, forceOverwrite=1,
                       sequenceTime=0, clearCache=1, viewer=0, showOrnaments=1, offScreen=1,
                       fp=4, percent=100, compression=compression, quality=100, widthHeight=(1280, 720))

        print '>>> playblast camera: %s' % camera_name

        camera_names.append(camera_name)
        video_paths.append(single_view_video_path)

    state = compostion_multiple_videos(video_paths, videoPath, frameRange[0], duration, scene_rate, sound_file)
    if state:
        print '>>> Finish playblasting multiple views '
    else:
        print '>>> Something wrong, please check carefully '


if __name__ == '__main__':
    video_path = 'F:/Multiple_View/all.mov'
    playblast_from_multiple_views(video_path, (1280, 720), [1001, 1350], sound=None)

　　稍微解释下：

command_temp = '{ffmpeg} {input_videos} -filter_complex "[0:v:0]pad=iw*{column}:ih[bg]; [bg][1:v:0]overlay=w" {output_video_temp}'.format(
            ffmpeg=ffmpeg_path, input_videos=all_input, column=column, output_video_temp=composition_video_temp)

　　这句的意思是将多个视频横向合起来，其中column代表几列，如2，就表示两个视频并列，在视频个数已知的情况，那么行数也就可知了。

command = '{ffmpeg} {input_videos_temp} -preset ultrafast -filter_complex vstack {output_video}'.format(
            ffmpeg=ffmpeg_path, input_videos_temp=all_input, output_video=final_video_temp)

　　这句是将视频纵向合起来，有几个合几个。

command = '{ffmpeg} -t {duration} -i {final_video_temp} -i {audio} -shortest {output_video}'.format(
                ffmpeg=ffmpeg_path, duration=str(duration), final_video_temp=final_video_temp, audio=sound, output_video=output_video)

　　这个是最后将音频合最终的总的视频合起来的命令，主要是那个shortest这个参数表示，如果在合得时候，音频比视频长的情况就按视频长度为最终的长度时间。