libevent中的链接监听器

链接监听器-evconnlistener

链接监听器封装了socket通信相关函数，比如socket,bind,listen,accept这几个函数。此时等待新的客户端到来，如果有新的客户端连接，那么内部先调用accept处理，然后调用用户指定的回调函数。

typedef void (*evconnlistener_cb)(struct evconnlistener *, evutil_socket_t, struct sockaddr * cliaddr, int socklen, void *);

struct evconnlistener *evconnlistener_new_bind(struct event_base *base,
    evconnlistener_cb cb, void *ptr, unsigned flags, int backlog,
    const struct sockaddr *sa, int socklen);

不用自己创建socket

/**
   Allocate a new evconnlistener object to listen for incoming TCP connections
   on a given address.

   @param base The event base to associate the listener with.
   @param cb A callback to be invoked when a new connection arrives. If the
      callback is NULL, the listener will be treated as disabled until the
      callback is set.

这个回调函数触发的时候，链接器已经处理好新的连接了，并将这个新创建的通信文件描述符给这个回调函数。
   @param ptr A user-supplied pointer to give to the callback.
   @param flags Any number of LEV_OPT_* flags

• LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE 关闭时自动释放
• LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE  端口复用
• LEV_OPT_——THREADSAFE 分配锁，线程安全

   @param backlog Passed to the listen() call to determine the length of the
      acceptable connection backlog.  Set to -1 for a reasonable default.

backlog是-1，监听器会选择一个合适的值，如果是0，那么监听器认为listen函数已经调用过了。
   @param addr The address to listen for connections on.
   @param socklen The length of the address.
 */

void evconnlistener_free(struct evconnlistener *lev);

函数说明：释放链接监听器

int evconnlistener_enable(struct evconnlistener *lev);

函数说明：使链接监听器生效

int evconnlistener_disable(struct evconnlistener *lev);

函数说明：使链接监听器失效

/*
  This exmple program provides a trivial server program that listens for TCP
  connections on port 9995.  When they arrive, it writes a short message to
  each client connection, and closes each connection once it is flushed.

  Where possible, it exits cleanly in response to a SIGINT (ctrl-c).
*/


#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#ifndef WIN32
#include <netinet/in.h>
# ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#  include <arpa/inet.h>
# endif
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif

#include <event2/bufferevent.h>
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <event2/listener.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <event2/event.h>

static const char MESSAGE[] = "Hello, World!\n";

static const int PORT = 9995;

static void listener_cb(struct evconnlistener *, evutil_socket_t,
    struct sockaddr *, int socklen, void *);
static void conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *, void *);
static void conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);
static void signal_cb(evutil_socket_t, short, void *);

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	struct event_base *base;/建地基
	struct evconnlistener *listener;//链接监听器
	struct event *signal_event;//信号事件

	struct sockaddr_in sin;
#ifdef WIN32
	WSADATA wsa_data;
	WSAStartup(0x0201, &wsa_data);
#endif

	base = event_base_new();//创建一个地基
	if (!base) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize libevent!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));//没写ip地址，直接置0
	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);
//创建链接监听器--socket,bind,listen,accept
// listener_cb:回调函数
//  LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE|LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE：设置端口复用和释放链接监听器时自动关闭监听文件描述符
//-1：监听器自动选择一个合适的值给listen
//(struct sockaddr*)&sin,
	    //sizeof(sin)--bind()的参数
	listener = evconnlistener_new_bind(base, listener_cb, (void *)base,
	    LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE|LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE, -1,
	    (struct sockaddr*)&sin,
	    sizeof(sin));

	if (!listener) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not create a listener!\n");
		return 1;
	}
//SIGINT信号产生，就会调用signal_cb
	signal_event = evsignal_new(base, SIGINT, signal_cb, (void *)base);

	if (!signal_event || event_add(signal_event, NULL)<0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not create/add a signal event!\n");
		return 1;
	}
//进入事件循环，相当于while(1),等待事件触发，并执行事件的回调函数
	event_base_dispatch(base);
//释放
	evconnlistener_free(listener);
	event_free(signal_event);
	event_base_free(base);

	printf("done\n");
	return 0;
}
//listener:链接监听器
//fd:通信文件描述符
//sa：客户端参数
//user_data：传入参数
static void//static这个函数只能在本文件使用
listener_cb(struct evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
    struct sockaddr *sa, int socklen, void *user_data)
{
	struct event_base *base = user_data;
	struct bufferevent *bev;
//创建bufferevent缓冲区
// BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE：bufferevent释放的时候自动关闭通信文件描述符
	bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, fd, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
	if (!bev) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error constructing bufferevent!");
		event_base_loopbreak(base);//退出循环，程序结束
		return;
	}
//设置回调函数：读回调，写回调，事件回调
	bufferevent_setcb(bev, NULL, conn_writecb, conn_eventcb, NULL);
	bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_WRITE);//使bufferevent设置生效
	bufferevent_disable(bev, EV_READ);

	bufferevent_write(bev, MESSAGE, strlen(MESSAGE));//把数据写到bufferevent的缓冲区使，触发 conn_writecb回调函数
}

static void
conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data)
{
	struct evbuffer *output = bufferevent_get_output(bev);//获取写缓冲区指针
	if (evbuffer_get_length(output) == 0)//为0表示把所有数据发送
 {
		printf("flushed answer\n");
		bufferevent_free(bev);
	}
}

static void
conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *bev, short events, void *user_data)
{
	if (events & BEV_EVENT_EOF) {
		printf("Connection closed.\n");
	} else if (events & BEV_EVENT_ERROR) {
		printf("Got an error on the connection: %s\n",
		    strerror(errno));/*XXX win32*/
	}
	/* None of the other events can happen here, since we haven't enabled
	 * timeouts */
	bufferevent_free(bev);
}

static void
signal_cb(evutil_socket_t sig, short events, void *user_data)
{
	struct event_base *base = user_data;
	struct timeval delay = { 2, 0 };

	printf("Caught an interrupt signal; exiting cleanly in two seconds.\n");

	event_base_loopexit(base, &delay);
}

改一下，增加读回调函数：

#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#ifndef WIN32
#include <netinet/in.h>
# ifdef _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
#  include <arpa/inet.h>
# endif
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif

#include <event2/bufferevent.h>
#include <event2/buffer.h>
#include <event2/listener.h>
#include <event2/util.h>
#include <event2/event.h>
#include<ctype.h>

static const char MESSAGE[] = "Hello, World!\n";

static const int PORT = 9995;

static void listener_cb(struct evconnlistener *, evutil_socket_t,
		struct sockaddr *, int socklen, void *);
static void conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *, void *);
static void conn_readcb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data);
static void conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *, short, void *);
static void signal_cb(evutil_socket_t, short, void *);

	int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	struct event_base *base;
	struct evconnlistener *listener;
	struct event *signal_event;

	struct sockaddr_in sin;
#ifdef WIN32
	WSADATA wsa_data;
	WSAStartup(0x0201, &wsa_data);
#endif

	base = event_base_new();
	if (!base) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize libevent!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);

	listener = evconnlistener_new_bind(base, listener_cb, (void *)base,
			LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE|LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE, -1,
			(struct sockaddr*)&sin,
			sizeof(sin));

	if (!listener) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not create a listener!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	signal_event = evsignal_new(base, SIGINT, signal_cb, (void *)base);

	if (!signal_event || event_add(signal_event, NULL)<0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not create/add a signal event!\n");
		return 1;
	}

	event_base_dispatch(base);

	evconnlistener_free(listener);
	event_free(signal_event);
	event_base_free(base);

	printf("done\n");
	return 0;
}

	static void
listener_cb(struct evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd,
		struct sockaddr *sa, int socklen, void *user_data)
{
	struct event_base *base = user_data;
	struct bufferevent *bev;

	bev = bufferevent_socket_new(base, fd, BEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE);
	if (!bev) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error constructing bufferevent!");
		event_base_loopbreak(base);
		return;
	}
	bufferevent_setcb(bev, conn_readcb, conn_writecb, conn_eventcb, NULL);
	bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_WRITE);
	bufferevent_enable(bev, EV_READ);

	//	bufferevent_disable(bev, EV_READ);

	//	bufferevent_write(bev, MESSAGE, strlen(MESSAGE));
}
	static void
conn_readcb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data)
{
	//size_t bufferevent_read(struct bufferevent *bufev, void *data, size_t size);
	char buf[128];
	int i;
	memset(buf,0x00,sizeof(buf));
	int n=bufferevent_read(bev,buf,sizeof(buf));/从bev的读缓存区读数据
	printf("n==[%d],buf==[%s]\n",n,buf);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		buf[i]=toupper(buf[i]);
	}
	//int bufferevent_write(struct bufferevent *bufev,
	// const void *data, size_t size);
	bufferevent_write(bev,buf,n);//向bev的写缓冲区写数据，当数据到内核时调用conn_writecb函数
}

	static void
conn_writecb(struct bufferevent *bev, void *user_data)
{
	struct evbuffer *output = bufferevent_get_output(bev);
	if (evbuffer_get_length(output) == 0) {
		printf("flushed answer\n");
		//		bufferevent_free(bev);
	}
}

	static void
conn_eventcb(struct bufferevent *bev, short events, void *user_data)
{
	if (events & BEV_EVENT_EOF) {
		printf("Connection closed.\n");
	} else if (events & BEV_EVENT_ERROR) {
		printf("Got an error on the connection: %s\n",
				strerror(errno));/*XXX win32*/
	}
	/* None of the other events can happen here, since we haven't enabled
	 * timeouts */
	bufferevent_free(bev);
}

	static void
signal_cb(evutil_socket_t sig, short events, void *user_data)
{
	struct event_base *base = user_data;
	struct timeval delay = { 2, 0 };

	printf("Caught an interrupt signal; exiting cleanly in two seconds.\n");

	event_base_loopexit(base, &delay);
}

 

结果：客户端连接后链接监听器accept出一个新的通信文件描述符cfd，并把cfd传入回调函数listener_cb，该回调函数为cfd创建一个bufferevent事件节点，并给这个事件创建了conn_readcb（数据从内核缓冲区到bufferevent的读缓冲区时触发）, conn_writecb（数据从bufferevent的写缓冲区到内核缓冲区）两个回调函数。