6）Python模块：cv2 imutils

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-10 13:43:21 发布

北海北_CrazyZheng

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-10 13:43:21 发布

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Opencv安装包：

https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#opencv

OpenCV3.3以上版本支持tensorflow

https://blog.csdn.net/qizongshuai/article/details/77531115?locationNum=8&fps=1

pip install XX.whl

cv2.imread(path)

path种不能有中文。

解决方法：

image=cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile('E:\F\图片\picture/10.jpg',dtype=np.uint8),-1)

image类型是ndarray

此时的image是一个三维数组。数组大小为：
img.shape=(height,width,channel)
当然可以反过来访问：

height=img.shape[0]

(h,w)=img.shape[:2] 意思是[0] [1]合并输出

…

如果想访问数组元素：

img[0,0,0]=(0,0)像素点R值

img[0,0]=(0,0)的RGB值 r,g,b=img[0,0] 或（r,g,b）=img[0,0]

img[0]=第0行

数组部分截取：
img1=img[0:30,0:40]
数组部分赋值：
img[0:30,0:40]=(0,255,0)

imwrite

namedWindow

imshow

cv2.imshow(‘winsows name’,image)

第一个参数不能少，image类型是ndarray数组就行(2维或者3维)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

cv2.waitKey(0)

cvtColor

imageOut=cv2.cvtcolot(image,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
COLOR_BGR2GRAY

cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV

cv2.COLOR_BGR2LAB
变灰度图实际上就是少一个维度，但是不是简单的从RGB中任取一个作为灰度图，是有计算公式的。

resize

resized = cv2.resize(image, (30,30), interpolation = cv2.INTER_AREA)#缩小到（30，30）方形图
dim = (150, int(150 * image.shape[0] / image.shape[1] ))
resized = cv2.resize(image, dim, interpolation = cv2.INTER_AREA)#同比例缩小

more easy:

resized = imutils.resize(image, width = 100)

line rectangle circle ellipse

cv2.line(img,(0,0),(50,50),(0,255,0),30) 30是线宽，如果是-1，意思是画实心图
cv2.rectangle(img,(40,40),(90,90),(255,0,0),20)
cv2.circle(img,(100,100),40,10)

带（）的参数类型为tuple。

warpAffine

平移：

M = np.float32([[1, 0, -50], [0, 1, -90]]) #下、右平移

M = np.float32([[1, 0, -50], [0, 1, -90]]) # 上、左平移
shifted = cv2.warpAffine(img, M, (img.shape[1], img.shape[0]))

平移还可以用imutils，更方便

shifted = imutils.translate(image, -10, 100)#左、下平移

warpPerspective

getRotationMatrix2D

逆时针旋转

M = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D((image.shape[1]//2,image.shape[0]//2), -90, 1.0)#顺时针90，-1为反转
rotated = cv2.warpAffine(image, M, (image.shape[1], image.shape[0]))

更简单:

rotated = imutils.rotate(image, 180)#简单

flip

flipped = cv2.flip(image, 1)#反转0：垂直，-1：水平

getAffineTransform

getPerspectiveTransform

add subtract

全像素批量处理：

cv2.add(np.uint8([200]), np.uint8([100])) = 255 # 因为是unsigned int8,最大256
cv2.subtract(np.uint8([50]), np.uint8([100])) = 0
np.uint8([200]) + np.uint8([100]) = 44
np.uint8([50]) - np.uint8([100]) = 206

.

M = np.ones(image.shape, dtype="uint8") * 100 # 此时M可以说是一张图，也可以说是array
added = cv2.add(image, M)

bitwise_add bitwise_or

按位and or xor not:

bitwiseAnd = cv2.bitwise_and(rectangle, circle)
bitwiseOr = cv2.bitwise_or(rectangle, circle)
bitwiseXor = cv2.bitwise_xor(rectangle, circle)
bitwiseNot = cv2.bitwise_not(circle)

split merge

(B, G, R) = cv2.split(image) # 通道拆分,变成3个2维数组
merged = cv2.merge([B, G, R])

chans=cv2.split(image) #chans is list

.

看单通道彩图：

zeros = np.zeros(image.shape[:2], dtype = "uint8")

cv2.imshow("Red", cv2.merge([zeros, zeros, R]))

cv2.imshow("Green", cv2.merge([zeros, G, zeros]))

cv2.imshow("Blue", cv2.merge([B, zeros, zeros]))

threshold

adaptiveThreshold

filter2D

blur 均值滤波

GaussianBlur

medianBlur

bilateralFilter

erode

dilate

morphologyEx 开闭运算、梯度、礼帽、黑帽

Sobel

Laplacian

Canny

pyrDown

pyrUp

calcHist

灰度直方图

image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
hist = cv2.calcHist([image], [0], None, [256], [0, 256])# [image] :将ndarray转为list

2D

hist = cv2.calcHist([chans[1], chans[0]], [0, 1], None, [32, 32], [0, 256, 0, 256])

hist = cv2.calcHist([chans[1], chans[2]], [0, 1], None, [32, 32], [0, 256, 0, 256])
ist = cv2.calcHist([chans[0], chans[2]], [0, 1], None, [32, 32], [0, 256, 0, 256])

3D
hist = cv2.calcHist([image], [0, 1, 2], None, [8, 8, 8], [0, 256, 0, 256, 0, 256])