RXD and math（HDU 6063 快速幂）

RXD and math

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 524288/524288 K (Java/Others)

Total Submission(s): 293    Accepted Submission(s): 150

Problem Description

RXD is a good mathematician.
One day he wants to calculate:

∑i=1nkμ2(i)×⌊nki−−−√⌋

output the answer module  109+7 .
1≤n,k≤1018

μ(n)=1(n=1)

μ(n)=(−1)k(n=p1p2…pk)

μ(n)=0(otherwise)

p1,p2,p3…pk  are different prime numbers

 

Input

There are several test cases, please keep reading until EOF.
There are exact 10000 cases.
For each test case, there are 2 numbers  n,k .

 

Output

For each test case, output "Case #x: y", which means the test case number and the answer.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   10 10
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   Case #1: 999999937
  
  

 //题意：已知n,k，求表达式的值。

//思路：那个μ(n)是莫比乌斯函数，p代表的是质数，具体了解自行百度。

这题属于找规律，算几个就能发现规律：

n^k=2：所求值=2；

n^k=3：所求值=3；

n^k=4：所求值=4；

n^k=5：所求值=5；

......

n^k：所求值n^k；

这题就是求（n^k）%（1e9+7），套个快速幂即可。不过快速幂里有个细节要注意，代码里已标注。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;

const ll MOD = 1e9 + 7;

ll n, k;

ll multiply(ll a, ll b)
{
	ll ans = 1;
	while (b)
	{
		if (b & 1)
		{
			ans = ((ans%MOD)*(a%MOD)) % MOD;
			b--;
		}
		b /= 2;
		//注意这里a要先%MOD，不然第一次a*a会超过long long,会WA！！！
		a = ((a%MOD)*(a%MOD)) % MOD;
	}
	return ans;
}

int main()
{
	int Case = 1;
	while (scanf("%lld%lld", &n, &k) != EOF)
	{
		ll sum = multiply(n, k);
		printf("Case #%d: %lld\n", Case++, sum%MOD);
	}
	return 0;
}