设计模式:命令模式(Command Pattern)

  命令模式(Command Pattern): 在软件设计中,我们经常需要向某些对象发送请求,但是并不知道请求的接受者是谁,也不知道请求的操作是哪个。

   我们只需在程序运行时指定具体的请求接受者即可，此时，可以使用命令模式来进行设计。

   命令模式在spring框架的JdbcTemplate中有应用。

 

   通俗易懂的理解, 将军发布命令,士兵去执行。其中有几个角色,将军(命令发布者),士兵(命令的具体执行者),命令(连接将军和士兵)。

   Invoker是调用者(将军), Receiver是被调用者(士兵), MyCommand是命令, 实现了Command接口,持有接受对象。

 

public interface Command {
	
	// 执行动作(操作)
	public void execute();
	// 撤销动作(操作)
	public void undo();
}

public class LightReceiver {
	public void on(){
		System.out.println("电灯打开了...");
	}
	
	public void off(){
		System.out.println("电灯关闭了...");
	}
}


public class LightOnCommand implements Command{

	LightReceiver light;
	
	public LightOnCommand(LightReceiver light){
		super();
		this.light = light;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void execute() {
		light.on();
	}

	@Override
	public void undo() {
		light.off();
	}
}

public class LightOffCommand implements Command{

	LightReceiver light;
	
	public LightOffCommand(LightReceiver light){
		super();
		this.light = light;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void execute() {
		light.off();
	}

	@Override
	public void undo() {
		light.on();
	}
}

public class NoCommand implements Command{

	@Override
	public void execute() {
		
	}

	@Override
	public void undo() {
		
	}
}



public class RemoteController {
	
	Command[] onCommands;
	Command[] offCommands;
	
	// 执行撤销命令
	Command undoCommand;
	
	public RemoteController(){
		onCommands = new Command[5];
		offCommands = new Command[5];
		
		for(int i=0; i<5; i++){
			onCommands[i] = new NoCommand();
			offCommands[i] = new NoCommand();
		}
	}
	
	// 给我们按钮设置你需要的命令即可
	public void setCommand(int no, Command onCommad,Command offCommad){
		onCommands[no] = onCommad;
		offCommands[no] = offCommad;
	}
	
	// 按下开始按钮
	public void onButtonWasPushed(int no){
		onCommands[no].execute();
		// 记录这次的操作,用于撤销
		undoCommand = onCommands[no];
	}
	
	// 按下关闭按钮
	public void offButtonWasPushed(int no){
		offCommands[no].execute();
		// 记录这次的操作,用于撤销
		undoCommand = offCommands[no];
	}
	
	// 按下撤销按钮
	public void undoButtonWasPushed(int no){
		undoCommand.undo();
	}
}



public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		
		// 接受者
		LightReceiver lightReceiver = new LightReceiver();
		// 创建电灯相关的开关命令
		LightOnCommand lightOnCommand = new LightOnCommand(lightReceiver);
		LightOffCommand lightOffCommand = new LightOffCommand(lightReceiver);
		
		RemoteController remoteController = new RemoteController();
		// 给遥控器设置相关命令
		remoteController.setCommand(0, lightOnCommand, lightOffCommand);
		
		remoteController.onButtonWasPushed(0);
		remoteController.offButtonWasPushed(0);
		remoteController.undoButtonWasPushed(0);
	}
}