《Python编程从入门到实践》day14

昨日知识点回顾：

Dog类属性的调用和Car类属性值的修改

今日知识点学习：

9.3 继承

        9.3.1 子类的方法__init__()

class Car:
    """一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化属性"""
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.odo_reading = 0

    def get_ifo(self):
        """返回汽车完整信息"""
        long_name = f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"
        return long_name.title()


class ElectricCar(Car):#一定要写入父类
    """电动汽车的独特之处"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化父类的属性"""
        super().__init__(make, model, year)


my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'model S', '2017')
print(my_tesla.get_ifo())

# 运行结果：
# 2017 Tesla Model S

        9.3.2 给子类定义属性和方法

class Car:
    """一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化属性"""
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.odo_reading = 0

    def get_ifo(self):
        """返回汽车完整信息"""
        long_name = f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"
        return long_name.title()

    def read_odo(self):
        """打印汽车里程数"""
        print(f"The car has {self.odo_reading} miles on it.")
        # int类型可以被调用与字符串一起输出
        # odo = str(self.odo_reading)
        # print(f"The car has {odo} miles on it.")

    def update_odo(self, miles):
        """更新公里数，禁止往回调"""
        if miles >= self.odo_reading:
            self.odo_reading = miles
        else:
            print('你不能回调公里数')

    def increment_odo(self, miles):
        """将里程表增加指定公里数"""
        self.odo_reading += miles


class ElCar(Car):
    """电动汽车的独特之处"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化父类的属性"""
        # super().__init__(make,model,year)
        super(ElCar, self).__init__(make, model, year)
        self.battery_size = 75

    def battery_ifo(self):
        print(f"The car's battery is {self.battery_size}-kWh.")


my_tesla = ElCar('tesla', 'model S', '2017')
print(my_tesla.get_ifo())
my_tesla.battery_ifo()

# 运行结果：
# 2017 Tesla Model S
# The car's battery is 75-kWh.

        9.3.3 重写父类的方法

class Car:
    """一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化属性"""
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.odo_reading = 0

    def get_ifo(self):
        """返回汽车完整信息"""
        long_name = f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"
        return long_name.title()

    def read_odo(self):
        """打印汽车里程数"""
        print(f"The car has {self.odo_reading} miles on it.")
        # int类型可以被调用与字符串一起输出
        # odo = str(self.odo_reading)
        # print(f"The car has {odo} miles on it.")

    def update_odo(self, miles):
        """更新公里数，禁止往回调"""
        if miles >= self.odo_reading:
            self.odo_reading = miles
        else:
            print('你不能回调公里数')

    def increment_odo(self, miles):
        """将里程表增加指定公里数"""
        self.odo_reading += miles

    def fill_gas_tank(self):
        """打印一条加满油的信息"""
        print('油加满')


class ElCar(Car):
    """电动汽车的独特之处"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化父类的属性"""
        # super().__init__(make,model,year)
        super(ElCar, self).__init__(make, model, year)
        self.battery_size = 75

    def battery_ifo(self):
        """打印一条电动车电池的信息"""
        print(f"The car's battery is {self.battery_size}-kWh.")

    def fill_gas_tank(self):
        """打印一条电动车不需要加油的信息"""
        print('不需要加油')


my_tesla = ElCar('tesla', 'model S', '2017')
print(my_tesla.get_ifo())
my_tesla.battery_ifo()
my_tesla.fill_gas_tank()
print('\nYour car fill gas tank:')
your_car = Car('audi', 'a4', 2019)
your_car.fill_gas_tank()


# 运行结果：
# 2017 Tesla Model S
# The car's battery is 75-kWh.
# 不需要加油
# 
# Your car fill gas tank:
# 油加满

9.3.4 将实例用作属性

class Car:
    """一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化属性"""
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.odo_reading = 0

    def get_ifo(self):
        """返回汽车完整信息"""
        long_name = f"{self.year} {self.make} {self.model}"
        return long_name.title()

    def read_odo(self):
        """打印汽车里程数"""
        print(f"The car has {self.odo_reading} miles on it.")

    def update_odo(self, miles):
        """更新公里数，禁止往回调"""
        if miles >= self.odo_reading:
            self.odo_reading = miles
        else:
            print('你不能回调公里数')

    def increment_odo(self, miles):
        """将里程表增加指定公里数"""
        self.odo_reading += miles

    def fill_gas_tank(self):
        """打印一条加满油的信息"""
        print('油加满')


class ElCar(Car):
    """电动汽车的独特之处"""
    def __init__(self, make, model, year):
        """初始化父类的属性"""
        # super().__init__(make,model,year)
        super(ElCar, self).__init__(make, model, year)
        self.battery = Battery()

    def fill_gas_tank(self):
        """打印一条电动车不需要加油的信息"""
        print('不需要加油')


class Battery:
    """一次模拟电动汽车电瓶的简单尝试"""
    def __init__(self, battery_size=75):
        """初始化电瓶的值"""
        self.battery_size = battery_size

    def describe_battery(self):
        """打印一条电瓶容量的信息"""
        print(f"The car's battery is {self.battery_size}-kWh.")

    def get_range(self):
        """打印电瓶的续航里程"""
        rang = 0
        if self.battery_size == 75:
            rang = 260
        if self.battery_size == 100:
            rang = 315
        print(f"This car go about {rang} miles on a full charge.")


my_tesla = ElCar('tesla', 'model S', '2017')
print(my_tesla.get_ifo())
my_tesla.fill_gas_tank()
my_tesla.battery.describe_battery()
my_tesla.battery.get_range()


# 运行结果：
# 2017 Tesla Model S
# 不需要加油
# The car's battery is 75-kWh.
# This car go about 260 miles on a full charge.

        9.3.5 模拟实物

        用代码来表示实物