图像灰度处理

方法一

import cv2
# 参数二传1彩图，传0灰度图
img0 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',0)
img1 = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
cv2.imshow('src',img0)
cv2.waitKey(0)

方法二

import cv2
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
dst = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)# 参数二描述转换方式BGR到gray
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

方法三

import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        gray = (int(b)+int(g)+int(r))/3
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

方法四

# gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        b = int(b)
        g = int(g)
        r = int(r)
        gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)

灰度处理算法优化

# 基于r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114公式优化，定点运算速度大于浮点运算，加减运算大于乘除
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread('image0.jpg',1)
imgInfo = img.shape
height = imgInfo[0]
width = imgInfo[1]
# RGB R=G=B = gray  (R+G+B)/3
dst = np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
    for j in range(0,width):
        (b,g,r) = img[i,j]
        b = int(b)
        g = int(g)
        r = int(r)
        #gray = (r*1+g*2+b*1)/4
        gray = (r+(g<<1)+b)>>2
        dst[i,j] = np.uint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)