1.25模拟实现ls -l命令

//printf
#include <stdio.h>

//stat
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//getpwuid
#include <pwd.h>
//getgrpid
#include <grp.h>
//ctime
#include <time.h>

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    //判断输入是否正确
    if(argc!=2)
    {
        printf("%s filename\n",argv[0]);
        return -1;
    }
    //获得文件的状态
    struct stat st;
    int ret=stat(argv[1],&st);
    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("stat");
        return -1;
    }

    char state[11]={0};
    //判断文件的类型
    switch(st.st_mode & S_IFMT)
    {
        case S_IFSOCK:
            state[0]='s';
            break;
        case S_IFLNK:
            state[0]='l';
            break;
        case S_IFREG:
            state[0]='-';
            break;   
        case S_IFBLK:
            state[0]='b';
            break;
        case S_IFDIR:
            state[0]='d';
            break;
        case S_IFCHR:
            state[0]='c';
            break;
        case S_IFIFO:
            state[0]='p';
            break;
        default:
            state[0]='?';
            break;
    }
    //判断当前用户的权限
    state[1]=st.st_mode&S_IRUSR?'r':'-';
    state[2]=st.st_mode&S_IWUSR?'w':'-';
    state[3]=st.st_mode&S_IXUSR?'x':'-';

    //判断当前用户所在组的权限
    state[4]=st.st_mode&S_IRGRP?'r':'-';
    state[5]=st.st_mode&S_IWGRP?'w':'-';
    state[6]=st.st_mode&S_IXGRP?'x':'-';

    //判断其他用户的权限
    state[7]=st.st_mode&S_IROTH?'r':'-';
    state[8]=st.st_mode&S_IWOTH?'w':'-';
    state[9]=st.st_mode&S_IXOTH?'x':'-';

    //该文件的硬链接数目
    int links=st.st_nlink ;

    char *fileuser=getpwuid(st.st_uid)->pw_name;
    char *filegrp=getgrgid(st.st_gid)->gr_name;

    long sz=st.st_size;

    //该文件的最后一次修改时间
    char* mtime=ctime(&st.st_mtime);

    char buf[1024];
    sprintf(buf,"%s %d %s %s %ld %s %s",state,links,fileuser,filegrp,sz,mtime,argv[1]);
    printf("%s\n",buf);

    return 0;
}

输出结果：

发现输出的内容不在同一行，是因为ctime函数得到的结果后面有一换行符，下面进行修改：

添加下面两行，并添加头文件string.h:

修改之后的代码为：

//printf
#include <stdio.h>

//stat
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
//getpwuid
#include <pwd.h>
//getgrpid
#include <grp.h>
//ctime
#include <time.h>

//strncpy
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    //判断输入是否正确
    if(argc!=2)
    {
        printf("%s filename\n",argv[0]);
        return -1;
    }
    //获得文件的状态
    struct stat st;
    int ret=stat(argv[1],&st);
    if(ret==-1)
    {
        perror("stat");
        return -1;
    }

    char state[11]={0};
    //判断文件的类型
    switch(st.st_mode & S_IFMT)
    {
        case S_IFSOCK:
            state[0]='s';
            break;
        case S_IFLNK:
            state[0]='l';
            break;
        case S_IFREG:
            state[0]='-';
            break;   
        case S_IFBLK:
            state[0]='b';
            break;
        case S_IFDIR:
            state[0]='d';
            break;
        case S_IFCHR:
            state[0]='c';
            break;
        case S_IFIFO:
            state[0]='p';
            break;
        default:
            state[0]='?';
            break;
    }
    //判断当前用户的权限
    state[1]=st.st_mode&S_IRUSR?'r':'-';
    state[2]=st.st_mode&S_IWUSR?'w':'-';
    state[3]=st.st_mode&S_IXUSR?'x':'-';

    //判断当前用户所在组的权限
    state[4]=st.st_mode&S_IRGRP?'r':'-';
    state[5]=st.st_mode&S_IWGRP?'w':'-';
    state[6]=st.st_mode&S_IXGRP?'x':'-';

    //判断其他用户的权限
    state[7]=st.st_mode&S_IROTH?'r':'-';
    state[8]=st.st_mode&S_IWOTH?'w':'-';
    state[9]=st.st_mode&S_IXOTH?'x':'-';

    //该文件的硬链接数目
    int links=st.st_nlink ;

    char *fileuser=getpwuid(st.st_uid)->pw_name;
    char *filegrp=getgrgid(st.st_gid)->gr_name;

    long sz=st.st_size;

    //该文件的最后一次修改时间
    char* mtime=ctime(&st.st_mtime);

    //将mtime除了最后换行符之外的内容拷贝到mmtime
    char mmtime[512]={0};
    strncpy(mmtime,mtime,strlen(mtime)-1);
    



    char buf[1024];
    sprintf(buf,"%s %d %s %s %ld %s %s",state,links,fileuser,filegrp,sz,mmtime,argv[1]);
    printf("%s\n",buf);

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

 

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参考：牛客网 C++高薪求职项目《Linux高并发服务器开发》1.25模拟实现ls -l命令

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