CS70学习笔记（二）N0

Note 0

Review of Sets and Mathematical Notation

Set(集合)

A set s a well defined collection of objects. These objects are called elements or members of the set

Two sets A and B are said to be equal, written as A = B, if they have the same elements.

Cardinality

Size of a set is called cardinality. It is possible for the cardinality of a set to be 0. This set is called the empty set.

Subsets and Proper Subsets

If every element of a set A is also in set B, then we say that A is a subset of B, written A $\subseteq$ B
A proper subset is a set A that is strictly contained in B, written as A $\subset$ B, meaning that A excludes at least one element of B

以下是一些markdown语法

符号	代码
$\in$	\in
$\ni$	\ni
$\notin$	\notin
$\subset$	\subset
$\supset$	\supset
$\subseteq$	\subseteq
$\supseteq$	\supseteq
$⊊$	\subsetneq
$⊋$	\supsetneq
$\not\subset$	\not\subset
$\not\supset$	\not\sepset

Intersections and Unions

The intersection of a set A with a set B, written as A∩B, is a set containing all elements which are in both A and B. Two sets are said to be disjoint if A∩B = /0. The union of a set A with a set B, written as A∪B, is a set of all elements which are in either A or B or both.

# python中intersection（）和union（）函数可以求集合的交集与并集
m = "abcde"
n = "def"
m = set(m)
n = set(n)
u = m.intersection(n)
print(u)
# de
v = m.union(n)
print(v)
# abcdef

Complements

If A and B are two sets, then the relative complement of A in B, written as B − A or B\A, is the set of elements in B, but not in A: B

A \A = 0
A \0 = A
0 \A = 0

Significant Sets

1. $\mathbb{N}$ 自然数
2. $\mathbb{Z}$ 整数
3. $\mathbb{Q}$ 实数
4. $\mathbb{R}$ 有理数
5. $\mathbb{C}$ 复数

$\mathbb{i}$ i=N,Z,Q,R,C

Cartesian product （笛卡尔乘积）

A × B, is the set of all pairs whose first component is an element of A and whose second component is an element of B. In set notation, A × B = {(a,b) | a ∈ A,b ∈ B}.

Mathematical notation

Sums and Products

$\sum$ : \sum

p = ${\sum }_{n=1}^N{a}_n$ : p = \sum_{n=1}^Na_n

$\prod$ : \prod

${\prod }_{i=1}^n$ : \prod_{i=1}^{n}

这一章note都是一些前置的基础概念，主要来复习一下markdown语法（随机看到一段python的用法顺带记录一下）

2023-08-11 11:46