HBase 高级

1.过滤器

作用

• 过滤器的作用是在服务端判断数据是否满足条件，然后只将满足条件的数据返回给客户端

• 过滤器的类型很多，但是可以分为两大类：

  • 比较过滤器：可应用于rowkey、列簇、列、列值过滤器

  • 专用过滤器：只能适用于特定的过滤器

比较过滤器

比较运算符

• LESS <

• LESS_OR_EQUAL <=

• EQUAL =

• NOT_EQUAL <>

• GREATER_OR_EQUAL >=

• GREATER >

• NO_OP 排除所有

常见的四大比较过滤器

BinaryComparator

按字节索引顺序比较指定字节数组，采用Bytes.compareTo(byte[])

BinaryPrefixComparator

通BinaryComparator，只是比较左端前缀的数据是否相同

RegexStringComparator

提供一个正则的比较器，仅支持 EQUAL 和非EQUAL

SubstringComparator

判断提供的子串是否出现在中

示例代码

rowKey过滤器：RowFilter

通过RowFilter与BinaryComparator过滤比rowKey 1500100010小的所有值出来

@Test
    // 通过RowFilter过滤比rowKey 1500100010 小的所有值出来
    public void BinaryComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        BinaryComparator binaryComparator = new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes(1500100010));
        RowFilter rowFilter = new RowFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.LESS, binaryComparator);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(rowFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
        Result rs = scanner.next();
        while (rs != null) {
            String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));
            int age = Bytes.toInt(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));
            String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));
            String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));
​
            System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + gender + "\t" + clazz + "\t");
​
            rs = scanner.next();
        }
​
    }

列簇过滤器：FamilyFilter

通过FamilyFilter与SubstringComparator查询列簇名包含in的所有列簇下面的数据

@Test
    // 通过FamilyFilter查询列簇名包含in的所有列簇下面的数据
    public void SubstringComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        SubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("in");
        FamilyFilter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, substringComparator);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
        Result rs = scanner.next();
        while (rs != null) {
            String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));
            int age = Bytes.toInt(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));
            String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));
            String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));
​
            System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + gender + "\t" + clazz + "\t");
​
            rs = scanner.next();
        }
​
    }

通过FamilyFilter与 BinaryPrefixComparator 过滤出列簇以info开头的列簇下的所有数据

// 通过FamilyFilter与 BinaryPrefixComparator 过滤出列簇以info开头的所有列簇下的所有数据
    @Test
    public void BinaryPrefixComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
​
        // 二进制前缀比较器
        BinaryPrefixComparator binaryPrefixComparator = new BinaryPrefixComparator("info".getBytes());
        // FamilyFilter 作用于列簇的过滤器
        FamilyFilter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, binaryPrefixComparator);
​
        Scan scan = new Scan();
​
        scan.withStartRow("1500100001".getBytes());
        scan.withStopRow("1500100011".getBytes());
        // 通过setFilter方法设置过滤器
        scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
​
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        printRS(scanner);
​
    }

列名过滤器：QualifierFilter

通过QualifierFilter与SubstringComparator查询列名包含in的列的值

 public void printRS(ResultScanner scanner) throws IOException {
        for (Result rs : scanner) {
            String rowkey = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            System.out.println("当前行的rowkey为：" + rowkey);
            for (Cell cell : rs.listCells()) {
                String family = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell));
                String qualifier = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell));
                byte[] bytes = CellUtil.cloneValue(cell);
                if ("age".equals(qualifier)) {
                    int value = Bytes.toInt(bytes);
                    System.out.println(family + ":" + qualifier + "的值为" + value);
                } else {
                    String value = Bytes.toString(bytes);
                    System.out.println(family + ":" + qualifier + "的值为" + value);
                }
            }
        }
    }
​
    @Test
    // 通过FamilyFilter查询列簇名包含in的所有列簇下面的数据
    public void SubstringComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        SubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("in");
        FamilyFilter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, substringComparator);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
        Result rs = scanner.next();
        while (rs != null) {
            String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));
            int age = Bytes.toInt(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));
            String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));
            String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));
​
            System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + gender + "\t" + clazz + "\t");
​
            rs = scanner.next();
        }
​
    }

过滤出 列的名字 中 包含 "am" 所有的列 及列的值

// 过滤出 列的名字 中 包含 "am" 所有的列 及列的值
    @Test
    public void SubstringComparatorQualifierFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
​
        SubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("am");
        // 作用在列名上的过滤器
        QualifierFilter qualifierFilter = new QualifierFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, substringComparator);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
​
        scan.withStartRow("1500100001".getBytes());
        scan.withStopRow("1500100011".getBytes());
        // 通过setFilter方法设置过滤器
        scan.setFilter(qualifierFilter);
​
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        printRS(scanner);
​
    }

列值过滤器：ValueFilter

通过ValueFilter与BinaryPrefixComparator过滤出所有的cell中值以 "张" 开头的学生

@Test
    // 通过ValueFilter与BinaryPrefixComparator过滤出所有的cell中值以 "张" 开头的学生
    public void BinaryPrefixComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        BinaryPrefixComparator binaryPrefixComparator = new BinaryPrefixComparator("张".getBytes());
        ValueFilter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, binaryPrefixComparator);
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        printRS(scanner);
​
    }

过滤出文科的学生，只会返回clazz列，其他列的数据不符合条件，不会返回

 // 过滤出文科的学生
    // 只会返回clazz列，其他列的数据不符合条件，不会返回
    @Test
    public void RegexStringComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
​
        // 使用正则表达式比较器
        RegexStringComparator regexStringComparator = new RegexStringComparator("^文科.*");
        // ValueFilter 会返回符合条件的cell，并不会返回整条数据
        ValueFilter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, regexStringComparator);
​
        Scan scan = new Scan();
​
        scan.withStartRow("1500100001".getBytes());
        scan.withStopRow("1500100011".getBytes());
        // 通过setFilter方法设置过滤器
        scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
​
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        printRS(scanner);
    }
​

专用过滤器

单列值过滤器：SingleColumnValueFilter

SingleColumnValueFilter会返回满足条件的cell所在行的所有cell的值（即会返回一行数据）

通过SingleColumnValueFilter与查询文科班所有学生信息

@Test
    // 通过SingleColumnValueFilter与查询文科班所有学生信息
    public void RegexStringComparatorFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
                "info".getBytes(),
                "clazz".getBytes(),
                CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL,
                new RegexStringComparator("^文科.*")
        );
​
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        Result rs = scanner.next();
        while (rs != null) {
            String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));
            int age = Bytes.toInt(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));
            String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));
            String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));
​
            System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + gender + "\t" + clazz + "\t");
​
            rs = scanner.next();
        }
​
    }

列值排除过滤器：SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter

与SingleColumnValueFilter相反，会排除掉指定的列，其他的列全部返回

通过SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter与BinaryComparator查询文科一班所有学生信息，最终不返回clazz列

@Test
    // 通过SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter与BinaryComparator查询文科一班所有学生信息，最终不返回clazz列
    public void RegexStringComparatorExcludeFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter singleColumnValueExcludeFilter = new SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter(
                "info".getBytes(),
                "clazz".getBytes(),
                CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL,
                new BinaryComparator("文科一班".getBytes())
        );
​
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueExcludeFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        Result rs = scanner.next();
        while (rs != null) {
            String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));
            int age = Bytes.toInt(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));
            String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));
            // clazz列为空
            String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));
​
            System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + gender + "\t" + clazz + "\t");
​
            rs = scanner.next();
        }
​
    }

rowkey前缀过滤器：PrefixFilter

通过PrefixFilter查询以150010008开头的所有前缀的rowkey

  @Test
    // 通过PrefixFilter查询以150010008开头的所有前缀的rowkey
    public void PrefixFilterFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        PrefixFilter prefixFilter = new PrefixFilter("150010008".getBytes());
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.setFilter(prefixFilter);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
        Result rs = scanner.next();
        while (rs != null) {
            String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));
            int age = Bytes.toInt(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));
            String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));
            // clazz列为空
            String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));
​
            System.out.println(id + "\t" + name + "\t" + age + "\t" + gender + "\t" + clazz + "\t");
​
            rs = scanner.next();
        }
    }

分页过滤器PageFilter

通过PageFilter查询第三页的数据，每页10条

使用PageFilter分页效率比较低，每次都需要扫描前面的数据，直到扫描到所需要查的数据

可设计一个合理的rowkey来实现分页需求

    @Test
    // 通过PageFilter查询第三页的数据，每页10条
    public void PageFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        int PageNum = 3;
        int PageSize = 10;
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        if (PageNum == 1) {
            scan.withStartRow("".getBytes());
            //使用分页过滤器，实现数据的分页
            PageFilter pageFilter = new PageFilter(PageSize);
            scan.setFilter(pageFilter);
            ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
            printRS(scanner);
        } else {
            String current_page_start_rows = "";
            int scanDatas = (PageNum - 1) * PageSize + 1;
            PageFilter pageFilter = new PageFilter(scanDatas);
            scan.setFilter(pageFilter);
            ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
            for (Result rs : scanner) {
                current_page_start_rows = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
            }
            scan.withStartRow(current_page_start_rows.getBytes());
            PageFilter pageFilter1 = new PageFilter(PageSize);
            scan.setFilter(pageFilter1);
            ResultScanner scanner1 = students.getScanner(scan);
            printRS(scanner1);
​
        }
​
    }

通过合理的设置rowkey来实现分页功能

  @Test
    // 通过合理的设置rowkey来实现分页功能，提高效率
    public void PageFilterTest2() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        int PageSize = 10;
        int PageNum = 3;
​
        int baseId = 1500100000;
        int start_row = baseId + (PageNum - 1) * PageSize + 1;
        int end_row = start_row + PageSize;
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.withStartRow(String.valueOf(start_row).getBytes());
        scan.withStopRow(String.valueOf(end_row).getBytes());
​
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
​
        printRS(scanner);
​
​
    }

多过滤器综合查询

查询文科班中的学生中学号以150010008开头并且年龄小于23的学生信息

 @Test
    // 查询文科班中的学生中学号以150010008开头并且年龄小于23的学生信息
    public void FilterListFilter() throws IOException {
        Table students = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("students"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
                "info".getBytes()
                , "clazz".getBytes()
                , CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL
                , new RegexStringComparator("^文科.*"));
        PrefixFilter prefixFilter = new PrefixFilter("150010008".getBytes());
        SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter1 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
                "info".getBytes()
                , "age".getBytes()
                , CompareFilter.CompareOp.LESS
                , new BinaryComparator(Bytes.toBytes(23)));
​
        FilterList filterList = new FilterList();
        filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
        filterList.addFilter(prefixFilter);
        filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter1);
        scan.setFilter(filterList);
        ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);
        printRS(scanner);
​
    }